2022

最新文章

• Exposure to transit migration: Public attitudes and entrepreneurship AI翻译
  作者：Ajzenman, Nicolas; Aksoy, Cevat Giray; Guriev, Sergei
  作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; IZA Institute Labor Economics; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; University of London; King's College London; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
  摘要：Does exposure to mass migration affect the attitudes and economic behavior of natives in transit countries? In order to answer this question, we use a unique locality-level panel from the 2010 and 2016 rounds of the Life in Transition Survey and data on the main land routes taken by migrants in 18 European countries during the refugee crisis in 2015. To capture the exogenous variation in natives' exposure to transit migration, we construct an instrument that is based on each locality's distanc...
• Productivity, non-compliance and the minimum wage AI翻译
  作者：Badaoui, Eliane; Walsh, Frank
  作者单位：University College Dublin
  摘要：Many informal firms in developing countries would not be viable if they were to comply with the minimum wage law. This means the authorities have an incentive to turn a blind eye to non-enforcement in a substantial share of firms. We also survey enforcement mechanisms for the minimum wage across developing countries and find that worker complaints are an important element in determining whether firms will be inspected for non-compliance or not. We develop a theoretical monopsony model which ra...
• Direct vs indirect management training: Experimental evidence from schools in Mexico AI翻译
  作者：Romero, Mauricio; Bedoya, Juan; Yanez-Pagans, Monica; Silveyra, Marcela; de Hoyos, Rafael
  作者单位：Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; Universidad de Cantabria; The World Bank
  摘要：We use a large-scale randomized experiment (across 1,198 public primary schools in Mexico) to study the impact of providing schools directly with high-quality managerial training by professional trainers vis-a-vis through a cascade-style train the trainer model. The training focused on improving principals' capacities to collect and use data to monitor students' basic numeracy and literacy skills and to provide feedback to teachers on their instruction and pedagogical practices. After two year...
• Behavioral change promotion, cash transfers and early childhood development: Experimental evidence from a government program in a low-income setting AI翻译
  作者：Premand, Patrick; Barry, Oumar
  作者单位：The World Bank; University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar
  摘要：Signs of development delays and malnutrition are widespread among young children in low-income settings. Social protection programs such as cash transfers are increasingly combined with behavioral change promotion or parenting interventions to improve early childhood development. This paper disentangles the effects of behavioral change promotion from cash transfers to poor households through an experiment embedded in a government program in Niger. The study is also designed to identify within-...
• Trading textiles along the new silk route: The impact on Pakistani firms of gaining market access to China AI翻译
  作者：Jamil, Nida; Chaudhry, Theresa Thompson; Chaudhry, Azam
  作者单位：Lahore School of Economics
• International risk sharing for food staples AI翻译
  作者：Bradford, Scott C.; Negi, Digvijay Singh; Ramaswami, Bharat
  作者单位：Brigham Young University; Ashoka University
  摘要：The global output of food staples is far more stable than most individual nations' outputs, but does this lead to consumption risk sharing? This paper applies tools from the risk sharing literature to address this question for rice, wheat, and maize, using a multilateral risk sharing model that, unlike the canonical model, accounts for trade costs. While the data show that optimal risk sharing does not occur, the wheat market comes closest to the idealized model. Our analysis also implies that...
• Winners and losers from agrarian reform: Evidence from Danish land inequality 1682-1895 AI翻译
  作者：Boberg-Fazlic, Nina; Lampe, Markus; Martinelli Lasheras, Pablo; Sharp, Paul
  作者单位：University of Southern Denmark; Vienna University of Economics & Business; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
  摘要：Pro-market and pro-farmer agrarian reforms enacted in eighteenth century Denmark laid the basis for rural development but we demonstrate that they also resulted in increased inequality. We investigate this using a novel parish-level database spanning more than two centuries. We identify the impact of land quality on inequality following the reforms by instrumenting with soil type and find increases in areas with more productive land. We propose and find evidence for a mechanism whereby agraria...
• China and the World Bank-How contrasting development approaches affect the stability of African states AI翻译
  作者：Gehring, Kai; Kaplan, Lennart C.; Wong, Melvin H. L.
  作者单位：University of Bern; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Gottingen; Deutsches Institut Entwicklungspolitik (DIE); Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW)
  摘要：China's development model challenges the approaches of traditional donors like the World Bank (WB). While some see this mostly as a chance, Chinese aid specifically and aid in general are also suspected of undermining developing countries' stability for various reasons. To examine the effect of aid on stability thoroughly, we define stability as a continuum ranging from outright over social conflict to attitudes about democracy. We find no evidence that either WB or Chinese aid increases confl...
• The impact of cash transfers on Syrian refugees in Lebanon: Evidence from a multidimensional regression discontinuity design AI翻译
  作者：Salti, Nisreen; Chaaban, Jad; Moussa, Wael; Irani, Alexandra; Al Mokdad, Rima; Jamaluddine, Zeina; Ghattas, Hala
  作者单位：American University of Beirut
  摘要：This paper evaluates the impact of multipurpose cash assistance on refugee households, by relying on an original sampling design that allows tracing these impacts over multiple periods. Using two waves of household survey data collected in 2019 from economically vulnerable Syrian refugee households in Lebanon, we estimate the program impact of varying cash assistance durations including: discontinued recipients (received cash for 12 months then got discontinued in the next cash cycle), short-r...
• The joint effects of information and financing constraints on technology adoption: Evidence from a field experiment in rural Tanzania AI翻译
  作者：Harou, Aurelie P.; Madajewicz, Malgosia; Michelson, Hope; Palm, Cheryl A.; Amuri, Nyambilila; Magomba, Christopher; Semoka, Johnson M.; Tschirhart, Kevin; Weil, Ray
  作者单位：McGill University; Columbia University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Sokoine University of Agriculture; Sokoine University of Agriculture; Columbia University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：Low investment in profitable technologies contributes to persistent poverty. Many farmers in developing countries invest too little in fertilizer despite evidence that fertilizer is profitable. This field experiment investigates a two-part explanation: (1) farmers are reluctant to invest without farm-specific evidence of profitability, possibly because of heterogeneous returns, and (2) information is not sufficient to increase investment because of financing constraints. Farmers in one arm of ...