2005

最新文章

• Nevins panel discussion, 11 September 2004 AI翻译
  作者：University of Delaware
• She has suddenly become powerful: Youth employment and household decision making in the early twentieth century AI翻译
  作者：Yale University
  摘要：In the United States a century ago, working children turned over almost all of their earnings to their parents. What incentives, then, did they have to work? Standard answers include altruism or the sticks wielded by parents and employers. This article argues that there were also carrots: working gave children greater influence in household decision making. Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Cost of Living Survey 1917-1919, this article shows that working children had higher clothi...
• Bank supervision, regulation, and instability during the Great Depression AI翻译
  作者：Santa Clara University
  摘要：Even after controlling for local economic conditions, differences in supervision and regulation help explain the large variation in state bank suspension rates across U.S. counties during the Great Depression. More stringent capital requirements lowered suspension rates whereas laws prohibiting branch banking and imposing high reserve requirements raised them. States whose bank supervisors could liquidate banks minimized contagion and credit-channel dislocations and experienced lower suspensio...
• The English gentleman merchant at work: Madras and the city of London 1660-1740. AI翻译
  作者：American University
• Sick economies: Drama, mercantilism, and disease in Shakespeare's England. AI翻译
  作者：Yale University
• The European cable companies in South America before the first world war. AI翻译
  作者：University of Notre Dame
• Capitalism, politics, and railroads in Jacksonian New England AI翻译
  作者：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
• The peasants of Ottobeuren, 1487-1726: A rural society in early modern Europe. AI翻译
  作者：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• Not guilty? Agriculture in the 1920s and the Great Depression AI翻译
  作者：European University Institute
  摘要：Agricultural distress in the 1920s is routinely quoted among the causes of the Great Depression. This article challenges the conventional-wisdom. World agriculture was not plagued by overproduction and falling. terms of trade. The indebtedness of American farmers, a legacy of the boom years 1918-1921, did jeopardize the rural banks, but the relation between their crises, the banking panic of 1930, and the Great Depression is tenuous at best.
• Contract enforcement in the English East India company AI翻译
  作者：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medical Center
  摘要：Long-distance trade depends crucially on the enforcement of long-distance contracts, those in which principals are significantly removed from agents. The problem of contract enforcement in the English East India Company reflected a multi-task principal-agent problem in which servants traded publicly for the company and at the same time conducted their own private trade. Private trade, sustained by the private use of company resources, and dismissals were the mechanisms that made East India con...