2005

最新文章

• Divided mastery: Slave hiring in the American South. AI翻译
  作者：Connecticut State University System; Central Connecticut State University
• Constructing corporate America: History, politics, culture. AI翻译
  作者：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
• History matters. Essays on economic growth, technology, and demographic change AI翻译
  作者：McGill University
• The hidden cost of economic development: The biological standard of living in antebellum Pennsylvania. AI翻译
  作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
• Empire, public goods, and the Roosevelt Corollary AI翻译
  作者：Santa Clara University; Claremont Colleges; Claremont McKenna College; Claremont Graduate University
  摘要：In 1904 the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine proclaimed that the United States would intervene in the affairs of unstable Central American and Caribbean countries that did not pay their debts. We find that the average sovereign debt price for countries under the U.S. sphere of influence rose by 74 percent in response to the pronouncement and actions to make it credible. We use this policy change to show that the United States subsequently acted as a regional hegemon and provided the ...
• The prudent village: Risk pooling institutions in medieval English agriculture AI翻译
  作者：University of California System; University of California Irvine
  摘要：The prudent peasant mitigated the risk of crop failures by scattering his arable land throughout his village, Deirdre McCloskey argued, because alternative risk-sharing institutions did not exist. But, alternatives did exist, this essay concludes. Medieval English peasants formed two types of farmers' cooperatives. Fraternities protected members from the perils of everyday life. Customary poor laws redistributed resources towards villagers beset by bad luck. In both institutions, the expectati...
• The evolution of suffrage institutions in the new world AI翻译
  作者：University of Rochester; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Extreme variation in the extent of inequality emerged early across the New World colonies established by the Europeans, and we hypothesized in previous work that these contrasts persisted over time through systematic differences in the ability and inclination of elites to shape legal frameworks to advantage themselves. We find support for this view in how the rules governing the extension of suffrage evolved over time within the United States, and across the societies of the Americas. Polities...
• The poor in England 1700-1850: An economy of makeshifts. AI翻译
  作者：University of Pennsylvania
• Guarding the golden door: American immigration policy and immigrants since 1882. AI翻译
  作者：University of New Mexico
• Labor's story in the United States. AI翻译
  作者：Harvard University