2005

最新文章

• Capitalism and freedom: Manumissions and the slave market in Louisiana, 1725-1820 AI翻译
  作者：Harvard University
  摘要：I use a rich new dataset of Louisiana slave records to answer long-standing questions about manumission. I examine who was manumitted, by whom, and whether manumittees paid prices above market for their freedom, shedding some light on the debate of the efficiency of slavery. Legal changes after the Louisiana Purchase allow us to conclude that manumission laws were quite important in determining the terms at which manumission agreements were struck: when slaves lost the right to sue for self-pu...
• The elusive ideal: Equal educational opportunity and the federal role in Boston's public schools, 1950-1985. AI翻译
  作者：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
• Returning to Victorian competition, ownership, and regulation: An empirical study of European telecommunications at the turn of the twentieth century AI翻译
  作者：Wallsten, S
  摘要：This article uses an original dataset to test the effects of government monopoly service, competition, and regulation on the development of the telephone industry in Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Like today, there were state-owned monopolies in some countries, vigorous competition in others, and others with private firms operating under restrictive concessions. The main determinant of government control of the telephone sector was the state's involvement in the telegraph. Countries...
• American silver and the decline of Spain AI翻译
  作者：University of British Columbia
• Understanding the process of economic change AI翻译
  作者：Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research
• Big social savings in a small laggard economy: Railroad-led growth in Brazil AI翻译
  作者：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Railroad development had a profound impact in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Brazil. Direct benefits were small for passengers, but large for freight services, and contributed heavily to the transition from stagnation to growth. Domestic-use activities received a differentially large stimulus. Estimates of the social rate of return reveal that Brazil did not overinvest in railroads. A different allocation of subsidies to railroad capital could have generated additional gains. Backward...
• Time on the ladder: Career mobility in agriculture, 1890-1938 AI翻译
  作者：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Northwestern University
  摘要：We explore the dynamics of the agricultural ladder for black farmers in the U.S. South using individual-level data from a retrospective survey conducted in 1938 in Jefferson County, Arkansas. We develop and test hypotheses to explain the time spent as a tenant, sharecropper, and wage laborer. The most striking result of our analysis is the importance of individual characteristics in career mobility. In all periods-pre-World War I; the war years, and subsequent boom; the 1920s; and the Great De...
• Not just black and white: Historical and contemporary perspectives on immigration, race, and ethnicity in the United States AI翻译
  作者：Harvard University
• Origins of the modern career AI翻译
  作者：Colby College
• On Hollywood. The place, the industry AI翻译
  作者：London Metropolitan University