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作者：Buffie, EF
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：In this paper I show that the optimal tariff cut is usually on the order of 50-80% even when liberalization is completely lacking in credibility and policy makers subscribe to the very conservative maximin criterion. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Williams, RC
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Most studies of the welfare impacts of trade policy have ignored interactions between these policies and pre-existing distortions from the income tax. This paper demonstrates that when these interactions are taken into account, the potential gains or losses from tariffs, import quotas, or voluntary export restrictions are significantly magnified. However, as long as the trade barrier doesn't generate rents for domestic households, the optimal level of the trade barrier is unchanged from the fi...
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作者：Levinsohn, J
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper investigates employment patterns in Chile following a substantial trade liberalization. The paper examines patterns of job creation and job destruction and relates these patterns to firms' size and trade orientation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Bayoumi, T; Coe, DT; Helpman, E
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Harvard University
摘要：We examine the growth promoting roles of R&D, international R&D spillovers, and trade in a world econometric model. A country can raise its total factor productivity by investing in R&D. But countries can also boost their productivity by trading with other countries that have large 'stocks of knowledge' from their cumulative R&D activities. We use a special version of MULTIMOD that incorporates R&D spillovers among industrial countries and from industrial countries to developing countries. Our...
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作者：Ikeda, S; Gombi, I
作者单位：University of Osaka; Hirosaki University
摘要：We analyze the current account dynamics for a small country model with habit-forming consumers and costly investment. The model has several empirical and policy implications. (i) It is consistent with stylized facts regarding the effects of productivity shocks and increases in fiscal spending and regarding the savings-investment co-movement. (ii) The long-run effect of a temporary shock on net foreign assets is often opposite to that of a permanent shock. (iii) Under strong habit persistence, ...
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作者：Facchini, G; Willmann, G
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Duty free zones have been established in many countries and duty free shops can be found in every major international airport. This paper investigates their welfare effect, in the tradition of the Pareto gains from trade literature. Using the dual approach developed in Dixit and Norman (1980), we show that the introduction of a duty free zone leads to Pareto gains over autarky. Compared to free trade, its welfare impact depends on the redistribution mechanism accompanying free trade. We show t...
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作者：Glass, AJ; Saggi, K
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：We examine the consequences of foreign direct investment (FDI) policies in a general equilibrium setting with several oligopolistic industries. By shifting labor demand across countries, FDI raises the wage in the host country and lowers the wage in the source country, thereby raising profits of source country firms at the expense of host country firms. The extent of cross-ownership of firms, the relative number of firms and the relative supply of skilled labor alter the impact of FDI policy o...
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作者：Boileau, M
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：Standard two-country dynamic general equilibrium models grossly underpredict the volatility of net exports and the terms of trade. We analyze whether trade in capital goods (equipment) can explain this failure. Trade in equipment accounts for about half of the trade balance of G7 countries and most of its fluctuations over the 1971-1990 period. Simulation results show that a standard model with trade in final goods generates a volatility of 0.10 for net exports and 0.52 for the terms of trade,...
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作者：Davidson, C; Martin, L; Matusz, S
作者单位：Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business
摘要：We argue that trade economists should begin to seriously consider environments in which unemployment is carefully modeled. We introduce such a model, derive several results, and compare them to results derived in full employment models. We argue that some traditional results are probably too narrow (the determinants of comparative advantage) and that some results do not generalize to models with unemployment (the link between trade and income distribution for employed factors). We also show th...
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作者：Kim, S
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper suggests an identified VAR model that identifies monetary policy actions for the G-7 countries without encountering empirical puzzles such as the price puzzle and the liquidity puzzle. Using the model, the effects of monetary policy shocks are examined for the postwar period. Monetary policy shocks have significant effects on output in the short run. However, the contribution of monetary policy shocks to output fluctuations is relatively small - monetary policy shocks are not the ma...
