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作者：Griliches, Z
摘要：This article reviews the literature on the relationship of economic growth to the education levels of the labor force. The emphasis is on Yoram Ben-Porath's contribution to some of the issues in this field: the endogeneity of schooling, the role of the public sector as an ''absorber'' of educated labor, and the importance of personal human capital created by investments in reputation and personal relationships, the F-connection.
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作者：Neal, D
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article examines the effect of Catholic secondary schooling on high school graduation rates, college graduation rates, and future wages. The article introduces new measures of access to Catholic schools that serve as potential instruments for Catholic school attendance. Catholic secondary schools are geographically concentrated in urban areas, and Catholic schooling does increase educational attainment significantly among urban minorities. The gains from Catholic schooling are modest for ...
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作者：Mayshar, J; Halevy, Y
摘要：We analyze the organization of employment in nonsimultaneous shifts, considering the shift composition of manufacturing employment, both in the business cycle frequency and in the long run. With regard to the short run, we argue that shiftwork would be procyclical and that this, combined with the inherent lumpiness of shifts, may help resolve the puzzle of the procyclicality of labor productivity. With regard to the long run, we identify channels that may account for the increase in shiftwork ...
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作者：WinterEbmer, R; Zweimuller, J
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：In this study gender differentials in professional status attainment are analyzed. In the theoretical literature, unequal treatment of females is often rationalized by their higher probability of quitting. To test this hypothesis empirically we use data from the Austrian microcensus and find that neither the risk of childbearing nor different productive characteristics can explain the crowding of females in lower hierarchical positions. Females have to fulfill higher ability standards to be pr...
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作者：Wang, RQ
摘要：In this article I intend to justify the rare use of application fees in labor markets. I analyze a model in which there is a training or testing period preceding a worker's effective production period. With various commitment abilities of firms, I find that application fees are used if and only if all future wages can be committed before a worker applies; otherwise, no application fees will be charged. The model is then modified to explain the positive fees in journal submissions and college a...
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作者：Weiss, Y; Willis, RJ
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This article investigates the role of surprises in marital dissolution. Surprises consists of changes in the predicted earning capacity of either spouse. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 is used. We find that an unexpected increase in the husband's earning capacity reduces the divorce hazard, while an unexpected increase in the wife's earning capacity raises the divorce hazard. Couples sort into marriage according to characteristics that are likely to ...
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作者：Gronau, R
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作者：Stevens, AH
摘要：This article examines the long-term wage and earnings losses of displaced workers, using longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Consistent with previous research, I find that the effects of displacement are quite persistent, with earnings and wages remaining approximately 9% below their expected levels 6 or more years after displacement. I then show that much of this persistence can be explained by additional job losses in the years following an initial displacement. Worker...
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作者：Addison, JT; Chilton, JB
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：Prior theoretical work predicts an underprovision of advance-notice contracts stemming from their enforcement costs. In the present model, it is rather the fundamental inability of workers to alienate their right to quit taken in conjunction with parameters central to job separation decisions that jointly determine the mix of notice and no-notice contracts observed in equilibrium. Not all equilibrium contracts are efficient, but there is no underprovision of notice. Mandating notice cannot imp...
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作者：Blau, FD; Kahn, LM
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics data for 1979 and 1988, we analyze how a falling gender wage gap occurred despite changes in wage structure unfavorable to low-wage workers. The decrease is traced to ''gender-specific'' factors which more than counterbalanced changes in measured and unmeasured prices working against women. Supply shifts net of demand were unfavorable for women generally and hurt high-skilled more than middle- and low-skilled women. By analyzing wages, we find supp...
