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作者：Bartel, AP; Sicherman, N
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Since technological change influences the rate at which human capital obsolesces and also increases the uncertainty associated with human capital investments, training may increase or decrease at higher rates of technological change. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we find that production workers in manufacturing industries with higher rates of technological change are more likely to receive formal company training. At higher rates of technological change, the training gap bet...
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作者：Kahn, ME
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Technological innovation has reduced the effect of diabetes. Diabetic behavioral modification in the face and expectation of medical improvement should lead to improved labor market outcomes. This article uses three cross-sectional data sets, from 1976, 1989, and 1992, to document improvements in diabetic labor market performance. Women diabetics have significantly increased their labor force participation while male diabetics have slightly reduced their participation relative to nondiabetics.
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作者：Lang, K
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：Prior to trade liberalization in the 1980s, New Zealand heavily protected low-wage industries. Consequently, trade liberalization was desirable from the perspective of both traditional and new trade theories. While liberalization decreased employment in protected industries somewhat, it also significantly affected wages, noticeably diminishing the effect of liberalization on employment in previously protected industries and thus reducing the postliberalization shift in the industrial compositi...
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作者：Cramton, P; Tracy, J
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：It is argued in many circles that a structural change occurred in U.S. collective bargaining in the 1980s. We investigate the extent to which the hiring of replacement workers can account for these changes. For a sample of over 300 major strikes since 1980, we estimate the likelihood of replacements being hired. Reducing the replacement risk to the pre-1982 levels would have led to a reduction in the dispute incidence by 5 percentage points, an increase in the fraction of disputes involving a ...
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作者：Grogger, J
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：To study the problem of widespread youth crime, I analyze a time-allocation model in which consumers face parametric wages and diminishing marginal returns to crime. The theory motivates an econometric model that I estimate using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. My estimates suggest that youth behavior is responsive to price incentives and that falling real wages may have been an important determinant of rising youth crime during the 1970s and 1980s. Moreover, wage differen...
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作者：Hwang, HS; Mortensen, DT; Reed, WR
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Northwestern University; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman
摘要：This article investigates the consequences of labor market search for the theory of hedonic wages. We find that the introduction of search has surprising consequences for the theory of hedonic wages. In particular, we demonstrate that the equilibrium distribution of wage and nonwage amenity bundles generally bears little resemblance to workers' underlying preferences. A consequence of this analysis is that estimates of workers' marginal willingness to pay, derived from the conventional hedonic...
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作者：Kreider, B
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：A worker's decision whether to apply for public transfers may depend not only on his expected level of forgone labor earnings but also on his degree of uncertainty about such earnings. This article provides theory and evidence about the effects of earnings and eligibility uncertainty on participation decisions. The application rate to the Social Security Disability Insurance program is estimated to be about 15% higher than it would be in the absence of earnings risk. As an application to tax p...
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作者：Lane, J; Parkin, M
作者单位：American University; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：We use a unique data set to investigate whether a matching model can describe turnover in an accounting firm. The main focus of the article is to determine whether the probability of separation from employment varies in the way described by Jovanovic. The evidence suggests that as tenure increases both terminations and quits follow the predicted pattern.
