-
作者：Corak, M
作者单位：Statistics Canada; Carleton University
摘要：Two quasi-experiments are used to estimate the impact of parental divorce on the adult labor market and marital/fertility outcomes of adolescents. These involve individuals experiencing the death of a parent and legislative changes to the Canadian divorce law. Parental loss by death is assumed to be exogenous, the experiences of children with a bereaved background offering a benchmark to assess the endogeneity of parental loss through divorce. Adolescents whose parents divorced put off marriag...
-
作者：Chau, NH
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：Why do countries that impose employer sanctions to deter the illegal entry of foreign workers nevertheless grant amnesty to illegal immigrants? In this article, I provide a positive theory of amnesty provision in a model where the constrained optimal immigration reform, involving the joint use of employer sanctions and border interdictions, is time-inconsistent. In particular, my framework demonstrates that host countries of immigration can enhance the credibility of their immigration reforms ...
-
作者：Neumark, D; Wascher, W
作者单位：Michigan State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA
摘要：Theory predicts that minimum wages will reduce employer-provided on-the-job training designed to improve workers' skills on the current job, but it is ambiguous regarding training that workers obtain to qualify for a job. We estimate the effects of minimum wages on both types of training received by young workers, exploiting cross-state variation in minimum wage increases. Much of the evidence supports the hypothesis that higher minimum wages reduce formal training to improve skills on the cur...
-
作者：Asch, BJ; Warner, JT
作者单位：RAND Corporation; Clemson University
摘要：A large literature attempts to explain compensation and personnel policies in large organizations. Three features of the U.S. military system-flat rank spreads in pay, a relatively generous pension, and heavy reliance on up-or-out promotions-are at variance with common practices in large civilian organizations. This article develops a model of individual decision making in a large, hierarchical organization and uses the model to explain these apparent puzzles. The lack of lateral entry and het...
-
作者：Wallace, FH
作者单位：Universidad de Guanajuato
摘要：Empirical studies of the relation between uncertainty and the length of union-firm contracts have focused on the effects of inflation, money-supply, or industry-specific uncertainty. This article describes two extensions of previous work. First, real, aggregate uncertainty arising from oil shocks is incorporated into a contract-duration model. Oil shocks significantly affect contract length in seven of 21 U.S. manufacturing industries. Second, the model is used to test whether the duration of ...
-
作者：Yaniv, G
摘要：The employment effects of minimum wage noncompliance have been the focus of several theoretical contributions to the minimum wage literature, the dominating conclusion being that the noncomplying employer, while reducing employment below the free-market level, will still employ more labor than he would if complying. Allowing, however, for partial compliance, this study applies a portfolio-choice approach to the employer's problem, concluding surprisingly that the minimum wage law may give rise...
-
作者：Petrongolo, B
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：The assumption of constant returns in the matching function, embodied in most bilateral search models, is crucial to ensure the uniqueness of the unemployment rate along a steady-state growth path. This article explores the empirical viability of this assumption by estimating individual reemployment probabilities on a sample of unemployment entrants. I apply hazard models to survey data on both completed and uncompleted unemployment durations. The hypothesis of constant returns to matching is ...
-
作者：Betts, JR
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：The article measures the impact of high school resources on women's educational attainment and earnings. No link emerges between education and school resources-as measured by the pupil-teacher ratio, spending per pupil, teachers' starting salaries, or books per student. For white women, no significant connection between school resources and wages is found. But school inputs are in several cases significantly and positively related to black women's wages. Wage elasticities with respect to schoo...
