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作者：Andersson, F
作者单位：Lund University
摘要：A two-period, career-concerns model with symmetric information but uncertainty about each worker's ability is analyzed. Contracts are unobservable, but incomes are observable. It is shown that effort is distorted upward by contracts being unobservable and that the distortion depends positively on turnover.
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作者：Hamermesh, DS
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：I argue for increased reliance on non-U. S. data and policy evaluations to understand basic labor market parameters and to predict the effects of changes in U. S. labor market policies. Foreign experiences generate exogenous shocks to labor costs that create unusual opportunities to measure impacts on labor demand. Foreign policies often provide more variation in the underlying parameters in systems that are often structured like their American counterparts. Foreign data sets are often larger ...
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作者：Kossoudji, SA; Cobb-Clark, DA
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Australian National University
摘要：The 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) granted amnesty to approximately 1.7 million long-term unauthorized workers in an effort to bring them out of the shadows and improve their labor market opportunities. An analysis of wages using panel data for a sample of legalized men provides evidence that wage determinants are structurally different after amnesty for them but not for the comparison group as measured during the same time periods. The wage penalty for being unauthorized is es...
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作者：Zucker, LG; Darby, MR; Torero, M
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Breakthroughs with natural excludability are transferred to industry by top academic scientists (stars) working in or with firms. Movement to firms depends on scientists' quality, moving costs, and reservation wage. Scientists' quality, moving costs, trial frequency, interfering academic offers, and productivity of stars already in firms determine reservation wage. In group-duration analysis for biotechnology, stars move to firms faster as their quality, human focus, and outside coauthorships ...
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作者：DeSimone, J
作者单位：University of North Carolina; East Carolina University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article investigates the relationship between employment and the use of marijuana and cocaine for males in National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data from 1984 and 1988. Previous studies yielding mixed evidence may have inadequately accounted for the simultaneity between drug consumption and employment. I implement an instrumental variable procedure that identifies drug use with variables that are empirically unrelated to employment, including the regional cocaine price and a state mariju...
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作者：Taylor, BA; Trogdon, JG
作者单位：Baylor University; Duke University
摘要：The focus of tournament models has been rank-order compensation schemes whereby participants receive higher payments for higher relative performance, either incrementally or winner-takes-all. Our research focuses on a unique tournament that offers rewards for both winning and losing, specifically the National Basketball Association's regularly scheduled season of games. We examine three NBA seasons to determine whether team performance responded to changes in the underlying tournament incentiv...
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作者：Bowlus, A; Liu, HM; Robinson, C
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); National University of Singapore
摘要：A substantial literature has developed to estimate the true cyclicality of real wages, that is, composition bias free. Two major issues are addressed in this article: aggregation of heterogeneous workers and potential bias in the measurement of the labor input. A general analysis of the biases is presented, and alternative approaches in the literature are nested in a single framework. Estimates based on an efficiency units concept that avoids the usual aggregation problems are presented. Compo...
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作者：Gould, ED
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This study uses a model of comparative advantage to model the choice of workers into three broad occupations. The pursuit of comparative advantage is shown to reduce the level of inequality from what would occur in a random assignment of workers into occupations. However, after pricing the skills of workers separately within occupations, the results indicate that the sectors are becoming more similar in the way that they value workers' skills, thus reducing the importance of comparative advant...
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作者：Hannan, RL; Kagel, JH; Moser, DV
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：We report a gift exchange experiment. Firms make wage offers; workers respond by determining an effort level. Higher effort is more costly to workers, and firms have no mechanism for punishing or rewarding workers. Consistent with the gift exchange hypothesis, workers provide more effort at higher wages, but undergraduates provide substantially less effort than MBAs. Evidence suggests this results from differences in prior work experience. Firms' nonbinding effort requests are at least partial...
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作者：Carrington, WJ; McCue, K; Pierce, B
作者单位：United States Department of Labor
摘要：This article considers the impact of nondiscrimination (ND) rules in the federal tax code. Nondiscrimination rules limit within-firm inequality in the provision on nonwage benefits, but they place no corresponding limit on within-firm inequality in wages. Firms can skirt ND rules by moving workers with unusual benefits into part-time and seasonal positions because workers in such positions are excluded from some ND compliance calculations. We examine these issues empirically and find relations...
