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作者：Garicano, Luis; Heaton, Paul
作者单位：RAND Corporation; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We examine the relationship between information technology (IT), productivity, and organization using a new panel data set of police departments that covers 1987-2003. When considered alone, increases in IT are not associated with reductions in crime rates, increases in clearance rates, or other productivity measures, and computing technology that increases reported crime actually generates the appearance of lower productivity. These results persist across various samples, specifications, and ...
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作者：Gathmann, Christina; Schoenberg, Uta
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of Mannheim; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This article studies how portable skills accumulated in the labor market are. Using rich data on tasks performed in occupations, we propose the concept of task-specific human capital to measure empirically the transferability of skills across occupations. Our results on occupational mobility and wages show that labor market skills are more portable than previously considered. We find that individuals move to occupations with similar task requirements and that the distance of moves declines wit...
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作者：Fitzpatrick, Maria Donovan
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Three states recently introduced universal prekindergarten programs offering free preschool to all age-eligible children; policy makers in many other states are promoting similar programs. Using restricted-access data from the Census, together with birthday-based eligibility cutoffs, I employ a regression discontinuity framework to estimate the effects of universal pre-K availability on overall preschool enrollment and maternal labor supply. Universal pre-K availability increases statewide pre...
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作者：Coffey, Bentley; Maloney, M. T.
作者单位：Clemson University
摘要：There is ample evidence that incentive-pay structures, such as tournaments, result in increased performance. Is this due to selection or increased individual effort, and is any increased individual effort caused by pecuniary incentives or merely thirst for the thrill of victory (TOV)? Prior literature has not separated the different effects. We look at performance in horse and dog racing and find that only horses, controlled by jockeys during the race, exhibit performance corresponding to pecu...
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作者：Howell, Jessica S.
作者单位：California State University System; California State University Sacramento
摘要：This research examines the determinants of the match between high school seniors and postsecondary institutions in the United States. I model college application decisions as a nonsequential search problem and specify a unified structural model of college application, admission, and matriculation decisions that are all functions of unobservable individual heterogeneity. The results indicate that black and Hispanic representation at all 4-year colleges is predicted to decline modestly-by 2%-if ...
