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作者：Naidu, Suresh
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This article studies the effect of recruitment restrictions on mobility and wages in the postbellum U.S. South. I estimate the effects of criminal fines charged for enticement (recruiting workers already under contract) on sharecropper mobility, tenancy choice, and agricultural wages. I find that a $13 (10%) increase in the enticement fine lowered the probability of a move by black sharecroppers by 12%, daily wages by 1 cent (.1%), and the returns to experience for blacks by 0.6% per year. The...
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作者：Camargo, Braz; Stinebrickner, Ralph; Stinebrickner, Todd
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Western University (University of Western Ontario); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use unique longitudinal data to provide direct evidence about interracial friendships at different stages of college and to provide new evidence about some of the reasons for the observed patterns of interaction. We find that, while much sorting exists at all stages of college, black and white students are, in reality, very compatible as friends; randomly assigned roommates of different races are as likely to become friends as randomly assigned roommates of the same race. Further, we find t...
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作者：Schwarz, Michael; Severinov, Sergei
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：We study investment tournaments, a class of decision problems involving gradual allocation of investment among several alternatives whose values are subject to shocks. The decision maker's payoff is determined by the final values of the alternatives. An important example of such tournaments is the career choice problem, since a person typically starts by investing in learning several professions. We show that in many cases it is optimal for the decision maker to allocate all resources to the m...
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作者：Staiger, Douglas O.; Spetz, Joanne; Phibbs, Ciaran S.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Stanford University
摘要：Recent theoretical and empirical advances have renewed interest in monopsonistic models of the labor market. However, there is little direct empirical support for these models. We use an exogenous change in wages at Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals as a natural experiment to investigate the extent of monopsony in the nurse labor market. We estimate that labor supply to individual hospitals is quite inelastic, with short-run elasticity around 0.1. We also find that non-VA hospitals...
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作者：Priest, George L.
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：This paper addresses Alvin Roth's findings of market contracting at times earlier than optimal for market participants, which Roth describes as market unraveling, a market failure he proposes to solve by designing centralized buyer-seller matching programs. This paper shows that, while Roth's engineering solutions are ingenious, the early contracting phenomena derive from labor market monopsony. Under monopsony, price is unavailable to clear the market; time of contract becomes the currency fo...
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作者：Hirsch, Boris; Schank, Thorsten; Schnabel, Claus
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This article investigates women's and men's labor supply to the firm within a semistructural approach based on a dynamic model of new monopsony. Using methods of survival analysis and a large linked employer-employee data set for Germany, we find that labor supply elasticities are small (1.9-3.7) and that women's labor supply to the firm is less elastic than men's (which is the reverse of gender differences in labor supply usually found at the level of the market). Our results imply that at le...
