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作者：Brinch, Christian N.; Hernaes, Erik; Jia, Zhiyang
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School; Statistics Norway
摘要：We study the effect of salience in the social security benefit system on labor earnings by exploiting kinks and notches in budget lines introduced by earnings testing and social security accrual mechanisms for 67- to 69-year-old workers in Norway. An earnings test had large effects on labor earnings, while an accrual system discontinuity had no discernible effects. We interpret the difference as likely to be caused by a lack of salience in the accrual incentives: agents are not able or willing...
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作者：Arcidiacono, Peter; Kinsler, Josh; Price, Joseph
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Brigham Young University
摘要：We estimate a model where workers are heterogeneous both in their own productivity and in their ability to facilitate the productivity of others. We use data from professional basketball to measure the importance of peers in productivity because we have clear measures of output and members of a worker's group change on a regular basis. Our empirical results highlight that productivity spillovers play an important role in team production. Despite this, we find that worker compensation is largel...
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作者：Autor, David H.; Houseman, Susan N.; Kerr, Sari Pekkala
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research; Wellesley College
摘要：Government employment programs for low-skilled workers typically emphasize rapid placement of participants into jobs, of which many are temporary-help jobs. Using data from Detroit's welfare-to-work program and the Chernozhukov-Hansen instrumental variables quantile regression method, we find that neither direct-hire nor temporary-help job placements significantly affect the lower tail of the earnings distribution. In the upper tail, direct-hire placements yield sizable earnings increases for ...
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作者：Currie, Janet; MacLeod, W. Bentley
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：Expert performance is often evaluated assuming that good experts have good outcomes. We examine expertise in medicine and develop a model that allows for two dimensions of physician performance: decision making and procedural skill. Better procedural skill increases the use of intensive procedures for everyone, while better decision making results in a reallocation of procedures from fewer low-risk to high-risk cases. We show that poor diagnosticians can be identified using administrative data...
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作者：Dillon, Eleanor Wiske; Smith, Jeffrey Andrew
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine how students of varying abilities sort (and are sorted) into colleges of varying qualities. Our data indicate substantial amounts of both academic undermatch (high-ability students at low-quality colleges) and academic overmatch (low-ability students at high-quality colleges). Student application and enrollment decisions, rather than college admission decisions, drive most deviations from academic assortative matching. Financial constraints, information, and the public college optio...
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作者：Smith, Jonathan; Hurwitz, Michael; Avery, Christopher
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We implement a regression discontinuity design using the continuous raw Advanced Placement (AP) exam scores, which are mapped into the observed 1-5 integer scores, for over 4.5 million students. Earning higher AP integer scores positively affects college completion and subsequent exam-taking. Specifically, attaining credit-granting integer scores increases the probability that a student will receive a bachelor's degree within 4 years by 1-2 percentage points per exam. We also find that receivi...
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作者：Zhao, Lingxiao; Burge, Gregory
作者单位：Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman
摘要：We investigate the relationship between housing wealth, property taxes, and elderly labor supply using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Survey spanning the recent boom/bust housing cycle. When combined with MSA-specific house price indexes, the data provide plausibly exogenous variation in housing wealth, identified through within-MSA renter/homeowner comparisons. Our findings suggest that elderly households respond to variation in housing wealth and property taxes in the predi...
