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作者：Gee, Laura K.; Jones, Jason; Burke, Moira
作者单位：Tufts University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Facebook Inc
摘要：Social networks are important for finding jobs, but which ties are most useful? Granovetter has suggested that weak ties are more valuable than strong ties, since strong ties have redundant information, while weak ties have new information. Using 6 million Facebook users' data, we find evidence for the opposite. We proxy for job help by identifying people who eventually work with a pre-existing friend. Using objective tie strength measures and our job help proxy, we find that most people are h...
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作者：Georges-Kot, Simon; Goux, Dominique; Maurin, Eric
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：Leisure externalities across households have important implications for labor market regulations but have proven very difficult to identify. This paper exploits the unique features of school holidays and paid leave regulations in France to show that exogenous increases in the amount of leisure time enjoyed by workers living with children induce very significant increases in the demand for leisure of workers living in other households. We also provide evidence that these cross effects are drive...
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作者：Del Boca, Daniela; Monfardini, Chiara; Nicoletti, Cheti
作者单位：University of Turin; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Bologna; University of York - UK; University of Essex
摘要：While a large literature has focused on the impact of parental investments on child cognitive development, very little is known about the role of the child's own investments alongside that of the parents. By using the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we model the cognitive production function for adolescents using an augmented value-added model and adopt an estimation method that takes account of unobserved child characteristics. We find that a child's own in...
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作者：Brinch, Christian N.; Hernaes, Erik; Jia, Zhiyang
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School; Statistics Norway
摘要：We study the effect of salience in the social security benefit system on labor earnings by exploiting kinks and notches in budget lines introduced by earnings testing and social security accrual mechanisms for 67- to 69-year-old workers in Norway. An earnings test had large effects on labor earnings, while an accrual system discontinuity had no discernible effects. We interpret the difference as likely to be caused by a lack of salience in the accrual incentives: agents are not able or willing...
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作者：Chemin, Matthieu; Wasmer, Etienne
作者单位：McGill University; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
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作者：Jepsen, Christopher; Mueser, Peter; Troske, Kenneth
作者单位：University College Dublin; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Kentucky
摘要：We evaluate the educational returns to General Educational Development (GED) certification using state administrative data. We use fuzzy regression discontinuity (FRD) methods to account for the fact that GED test-takers can repeatedly retake the test until they pass it and the fact that test-takers have to pass all five subtests before receiving the GED. We find that the GED increases the likelihood of postsecondary attendance and course completion substantially but that the GED impact on ove...
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作者：Herbst, Chris M.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper analyzes the US Lanham Act of 1940, a heavily subsidized and universal child care program administered during World War II. I first estimate its impact on maternal employment using a triple-differences model. I find that employment increased substantially following the introduction of the program. I then study children's long-run labor market outcomes. Using Census data from 1970 to 1990, I assess well-being in a life-cycle framework by tracking cohorts of treated individuals throug...
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作者：Goodman, Joshua; Hurwitz, Michael; Smith, Jonathan
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Does access to 4-year colleges affect degree completion for students who would otherwise attend 2-year colleges? Admission to Georgia's 4-year public sector requires minimum SAT scores. Regression discontinuity estimates show that access to this sector increases 4-year college enrollment and college quality, largely by diverting students from 2-year colleges. Access substantially increases bachelor's degree completion rates for these relatively low-skilled students. SAT-retaking behavior sugge...
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作者：Feld, Jan; Zoelitz, Ulf
作者单位：Victoria University Wellington; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Maastricht University
摘要：This paper estimates peer effects in a university context where students are randomly assigned to sections. While students benefit from better peers on average, low-achieving students are harmed by high-achieving peers. Analyzing students' course evaluations suggests that peer effects are driven by improved group interaction rather than adjustments in teachers' behavior or students' effort. Building on Angrist's research, we further show that classical measurement error in a setting where grou...
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作者：Jacobson, Louis; Davis, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：The key finding of this paper is that women Workforce Investment Act (WIA) trainees select higher-return fields than men but men usually have higher returns than women in the same field. Among men, the higher the level of education, the greater the proportion who select high-return fields; the reverse is true for women. Finally, most men select fields that are predominantly male, and vice versa for women, even though gains among men and women making unconventional choices are often large. Thus...
