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作者：Nagler, Markus; Piopiunik, Marc; West, Martin R.
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：How do alternative job opportunities affect teacher quality? We provide causal evidence on this question by exploiting business cycle conditions at career start as a source of exogenous variation in the outside options of potential teachers. Unlike prior research, we directly assess teacher quality with value-added measures of impacts on student test scores, using administrative data on over 30,000 Florida public school teachers. Consistent with a Roy model of occupational choice, teachers ent...
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作者：Gould, Eric D.; Simhon, Avi; Weinberg, Bruce A.
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：This paper examines the transmission of human capital from parents to children using variation in parental influence due to parental death, divorce, and the increasing specialization of parental roles in larger families. All three sources of variation yield strikingly similar patterns that show that the strong parent-child correlation in human capital is largely causal. In each case, the parent-child correlation in education is stronger with the parent who spends more time with the child and w...
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作者：Bates, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：Informational asymmetries between employers may inhibit optimal worker mobility. However, researchers rarely observe shocks to employers' information. I exploit two school districts' adoptions of value-added (VA) measures of teacher effectiveness-informational shocks to some, but not all, employers-to provide direct tests of asymmetric employer learning. I develop a learning model and test its predictions for teacher mobility. I find that adopting VA increases within-district mobility of high-...
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作者：Doleac, Jennifer L.; Hansen, Benjamin
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Oregon
摘要：Jurisdictions across the United States have adopted ban the box (BTB) policies preventing employers from asking about job applicants' criminal records until late in the hiring process. Their goal is to improve employment outcomes for those with criminal records, with a secondary goal of reducing racial disparities in employment. However, removing criminal history information could increase statistical discrimination against demographic groups that include more ex-offenders. We use variation in...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.; Howard-Noveck, Meghan
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This study examines the impact on student achievement of high-dosage reading tutoring for middle school students in New York City public schools, using a school-level randomized field experiment. Across 3 years, schools offered at least 130 hours of four-on-one tutoring based on a guided reading model. At the mean, tutoring had a positive and significant effect on school attendance, a positive but insignificant effect on English language arts (ELA) state test scores, and no effect on math stat...
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作者：Tannenbaum, Daniel, I
作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
摘要：This paper studies the expansion of US child support policies from 1977 to 1992 and its consequences for marriage and fertility decisions. I develop a model showing that child support enforces ex ante commitment from men to provide financial support in the event of a child, which (1) increases premarital sex among couples unlikely to marry and (2) reduces the abortion rate by reducing the cost of child-rearing to single moms. Using variation in the rollout relative to the timing of nonmarital ...
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作者：Ly, Son Thierry; Maurin, Eric; Riegert, Arnaud
作者单位：Paris School of Economics
摘要：This paper reports findings from a randomized evaluation of an intensive tutoring program conducted in underprivileged high schools. Within each school, the intervention targets students identified as having the ability to pursue a college education. The program is designed to strengthen their readiness for higher education. We demonstrate that such an intervention can have negative effects on a large fraction of participants, even though participation is entirely voluntary. This result is con...
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作者：Marinescu, Ioana; Wolthoff, Ronald
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Toronto
摘要：On the leading job board CareerBuilder.com, high-wage job postings unexpectedly attract fewer applicants, and this is the case even within a detailed occupation. Viewed through the lens of our directed search model, this negative relationship is indicative of substantial applicant heterogeneity within an occupation. Empirically, we find that job title heterogeneity is key: within a job title, jobs with 10% higher wages do attract 7.7% more applicants. Furthermore, our findings are consistent w...
