-
作者：Ambrus, Attila; Greiner, Ben; Zednik, Anita
作者单位：Duke University; Vienna University of Economics & Business; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：We study how an explicit blank vote option None of the above (NOTA) on the ballot paper affects the behavior of voters and political candidates as well as election results. Ina series of survey and laboratory experiments we identify a tradeoff regarding making NOTA an explicit voting option. On the one hand it can reduce the vote share of candidates who voters consider as protest candidates, who often come from the extremes of the political spectrum, making it less likely that such a protest c...
-
作者：Wang, Chunchao; Wang, Yao; Xiao, Aiping; Zhang, Yaru; Zou, Hang
作者单位：South China Normal University; South China Agricultural University; Guangdong University of Finance; University of Jinan
摘要：This study conducts the first investigation of how the teacher-student interaction in online education impacts the academic achievements and personality traits of primary school students using a field experiment. findings indicate that adding regular interactive online recitation sessions to pure online courses leads significant improvements in students' exam scores, as well as increased levels of extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness. The positive effects on students' academic achieve...
-
作者：Lanzara, Gianandrea; Lazzaroni, Sara; Masella, Paolo; Squicciarini, Mara P.
作者单位：University of Bologna; Bocconi University
摘要：This paper studies the interactions between members of a discriminated minority, members of the majority group, and political leaders. We construct a novel dataset of all tweets posted by White American and Chinese users located in the United States from January to August 2020. Using a variety of supervised and unsupervised text-analysis techniques, we show that anti-Chinese discrimination on Twitter significantly increased following (i) the COVID-19 outbreak, and (ii) Donald Trump's tweet ref...
-
作者：Buurma-Olsen, Jennifer; Kost, Hans R. A.; van Ommeren, Jos; Damste, Jort Sinninghe
作者单位：CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We empirically investigate how rent control combined with the use of a non-market allocation mechanism - centralised waiting lists - affects the efficiency of housing allocation among public-housing tenants. We show that, on average, Dutch public-housing tenants consume a house whose value differs by 7.5% from what they would consume under an efficient allocation. This entails particularly large transfers in housing consumption from younger households to older households. The annual welfare lo...
-
作者：Kurmann, Andre; Lale, Etienne; Ta, Lien
作者单位：Drexel University; York University - Canada
摘要：This paper proposes a novel methodology to distinguish true business openings and closings from sample churn in private-sector data and to evaluate the representativeness of the resulting estimates by leveraging supplementary high-frequency information on individual business activity. The methodology produces both real-time estimates using only concurrent information and retrospective estimates that incorporate additional information as it becomes available, reflecting a fundamental trade-off ...
-
作者：Saez, Emmanuel; Seim, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stockholm University
摘要：This paper shows that two features of wealth tax administration in Sweden-(1) filing requirements and (2) pre-populated returns-have a large impact on compliance even in an environment with highly-developed third-party reporting through information returns. Up to 1993, all taxpayers had to fill in wealth information when filing the (joint) income and wealth tax return. In 1994-1996, only those with net wealth above the exemption threshold (approximately the top 10 %) needed to fill in wealth i...
-
作者：Thomas, Danna
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：Retailers commonly price diet and sugary sodas of the same brand and size uniformly. However, soda taxes are often applied to diet and sugary products differentially. In this paper, I document heterogeneous responses to sugar sweetened beverage taxes by uniform pricing retailers across six U.S. cities. Of the four national retail chains found in the data, one continues to price diet and sugary products uniformly. The remaining three adopt more flexible pricing strategies. Retailers that flexib...
-
作者：Khanna, Gaurav; Lay, Margaret J.; Lee, Stephanie; Thompson, Benjamin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Mount Holyoke College; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：In 1991, Brazil expanded its rural retirement pension to cover millions of previously uncovered women, conditional on work requirements. We use a difference-in-differences approach to show that this expansion drastically increased married women's employment by nine percentage points, or 26 percent. This increase in labor force participation occurred among women who were immediately age-eligible, and among younger cohorts that would be eligible in the future. These results illuminate the capaci...
-
作者：Jeon, Mimi; Kim, Seonghoon; Koh, Kanghyock
作者单位：Singapore Management University; Korea University
摘要：We examine short-term consequences of pension income receipt on mortality and healthcare utilization within the monthly payment cycle. Using the national death registry data of South Korea, we document that the mortality rate decreases by 1.2-1.4 percent in the week of the disbursement date. The mortality-reducing effects are larger for causes of death that could have been avoided through timely and effective healthcare interventions. Using healthcare claims data, we document that the number o...
-
作者：Zentner, Alejandro; Holz, Justin
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Governments hold billions of dollars in assets abandoned or forgotten by their owners. We conducted a largescale natural field experiment to understand the role of filing frictions preventing claims of this property. Overall, increasing awareness and providing instructions increased claims substantially. We also study unequal access. In the control group, Hispanic property owners are 64 % less likely to claim their property than White owners, leading to unequal access to one's own property. Hi...
