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作者：Kraay, A; Servén, L; Loayza, N; Ventura, J
作者单位：The World Bank; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：Capital flows to developing countries are small and mostly take the form of loans rather than direct foreign investment. We build a simple model of North-South capital flows that highlights the interplay between diminishing returns, production risk, and sovereign risk. This model generates a set of country portfolios and a world distribution of capital stocks that resemble those in the data.
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作者：Atkinson, AB; Salverda, W
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Amsterdam
摘要：A method is developed for using income-tax data to investigate the evolution of the highest incomes over virtually the entire 20th century. The income shares of the top 10, 5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, and 0.05 percent are analysed for the UK and the Netherlands. For considering the top shares among themselves the Pareto-Lorenz coefficient is proposed. Between the two countries, the top shares appear to undergo a strikingly similar and strong decline up to the mid- 1970s. Since then British top shares have...
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作者：Alesina, A; Ardagna, S; Nicoletti, G; Schiantarelli, F
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston College
摘要：We use newly assembled data on regulation in several sectors of many OECD countries to provide evidence that regulatory reform of product markets is associated with an increase in investment. A component of reform that plays a very important role is entry liberalization, but privatization also has a substantial effect on investment. Sensitivity analysis suggests that our results are robust.
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作者：Eklöf, M
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：This paper considers the social costs implied by inefficient allocation of contracts in a first-price, scaled-bid procurement auction with asymmetric bidders. We adopt a constrained (piecewise linear) strategy equilibrium concept and estimate the structural parameters of the bidders' distribution of costs. We estimate social costs defined as the predicted cost difference between the winning firm and the most efficient bidding firm. We also compare the expected procurement costs under two diffe...
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作者：Ginsburgh, V; Weber, S; Ortuño-Ortin, I
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universitat d'Alacant; Southern Methodist University; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：We consider a linguistically diversified society and examine the notion of language disenfranchisement when some individuals are denied the full access to documents and political process in their native tongues. To calculate the disenfranchisement indices we use the Dyen percentage cognate matrix of linguistic distances between Indo-European languages and apply survey and population data on language proficiency in the European Union. We then determine optimal sets of official languages that de...
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作者：Garibaldi, P; Wasmer, E
摘要：The sustainability of welfare states requires high employment and high participation to raise the tax base. To analyze labor supply in a world with market frictions, we propose and solve a macro model of the labor market with unemployment and labor force participation as endogenous and distinct states. In our world, workers' decisions of participating are determined by an entry decision and an exit decision. A calibration of the model improves the usual representations of labor markets, since ...
