Wealth Inequality, Aggregate Consumption, and Macroeconomic Trends under Incomplete Markets

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Lee, Byoungchan
• 署名单位: Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-MACROECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7707
• DOI: 10.1257/mac.20210490
• 发表日期: 2025
• 页码: 414-442
• 关键词: lifetime portfolio selection; Secular stagnation; idiosyncratic risk; equilibrium-model; increasing risk; UNITED-STATES; income; insurance; DYNAMICS; earnings

摘要

I construct an incomplete market model featuring a closed-form expression for optimal consumption. In the model, individual consumption is an isoelastic function of wealth, inclusive of income, yielding partial consumption smoothing based on borrowing and lending in response to income shocks. I show that the model replicates several empirical characteristics of inequality in consumption, income, and wealth and their dynamics at the individual level. Using the model, I show that the rising wealth inequality since the 1980s, induced by an increase in idiosyncratic income risk, has substantially contributed to trend-level changes in real interest rates, capital-to-income ratios, and consumption-to-wealth ratios.