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作者：Funk, Patricia
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：This paper uses a natural experiment to document the impact of social pressure on voting behavior. The main hypothesis is that social pressure creates incentives to vote for the purpose of being seen at the voting act. This incentive is particularly high in small and close-knit communities. Empirically, I analyze the effect of postal voting on voter participation in Switzerland. Optional postal voting decreased the voting costs, but simultaneously removed the social pressure to vote. In spite ...
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作者：Hairault, Jean-Olivier; Langot, Francois; Sopraseuth, Thepthida
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; Universite Paris-Pantheon-Assas
摘要：This paper presents empirical evidence and a theoretical foundation in favor of the view that the retirement age decision affects older workers' employment prior to retirement. To the extent that there are search frictions on the labor market, the return on jobs is determined by their expected duration: The time to retirement is then key to understanding older workers' employment. Countries with a retirement age of 60 are indeed characterized by lower employment rates for workers aged 55-59. B...
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作者：Immordino, Giovanni; Pagano, Marco
作者单位：University of Salerno; University of Naples Federico II
摘要：Stricter laws require more incisive and costlier enforcement. Because enforcement activity depends both on available tax revenue and the honesty of officials, the optimal legal standard of a benevolent government is increasing in per capita income and decreasing in officials' corruption. In contrast to the tollbooth view of regulation, the standard chosen by a self-interested government is a non-monotonic function of officials' corruption, and can be either lower or higher than that chosen by ...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Aghion, Philippe; Griffith, Rachel; Zilibotti, Fabrizio
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; University of London; University College London; University of Zurich
摘要：We study the determinants of vertical integration. We first derive a number of predictions regarding the relationship between technology intensity and vertical integration from a simple incomplete contracts model. Then, we investigate these predictions using plant-level data for the UK manufacturing sector. Most importantly, and consistent with the theoretical predictions, we find that the technology intensity of downstream (producer) industries is positively correlated with the likelihood of ...
