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作者：Falk, Armin; Meier, Stephan; Zehnder, Christian
作者单位：University of Bonn; Columbia University; University of Lausanne
摘要：Social preference research has received considerable attention among economists in recent years. However, the empirical foundation of social preferences is largely based on laboratory experiments with self-selected students as participants. This is potentially problematic as students participating in experiments may behave systematically different than nonparticipating students or nonstudents. In this paper we empirically investigate whether laboratory experiments with student samples misrepre...
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作者：Kube, Sebastian; Marechal, Michel Andre; Puppe, Clemens
作者单位：University of Bonn; University of Zurich; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
摘要：Employment contracts are often incomplete, leaving many responsibilities subject to workers' discretion. High work morale is therefore essential for sustaining voluntary cooperation and high productivity in firms. We conducted a field experiment to test whether workers reciprocate wage cuts and raises with low or high work productivity. Wage cuts had a detrimental and persistent impact on productivity, reducing average output by more than 20%. An equivalent wage increase, however, did not resu...
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作者：Jacobson, Tor; Linde, Jesper; Roszbach, Kasper
作者单位：University of Groningen
摘要：This paper studies the relationship between macroeconomic fluctuations and corporate defaults while conditioning on industry affiliation and an extensive set of firm-specific factors. By using a panel data set for virtually all incorporated Swedish businesses over 1990-2009, a period which includes a full-scale banking crisis, we find strong evidence for a substantial and stable impact from aggregate fluctuations on business defaults. A standard logit model with financial ratios augmented with...
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作者：Melly, Blaise; Puhani, Patrick A.
作者单位：Brown University; Leibniz University Hannover; University of St Gallen
摘要：Do public sector firm ownership and lack of competition matter for wages and employment? To address this question, we consider a large public-sector company that is privatized. Using personnel records, we find employment contract liberalization to generate relative wage losses for older, high-tenure, low-skilled, part-time workers, permanent residents, and women. Employment reductions mostly affect the same groups experiencing a wage decline. Overall, wage liberalization leads to an increase i...
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作者：Bartling, Bjoern; Fehr, Ernst; Schmidt, Klaus M.
作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Zurich
摘要：Employment contracts give a principal the authority to decide flexibly which task his agent should execute. However, there is a tradeoff, first pointed out by Simon (1951, Econometrica, 19, 293-302), between flexibility and employer moral hazard. An employment contract allows the principal to adjust the task quickly to the realization of the state of the world, but he may also abuse this flexibility to exploit the agent. We capture this tradeoff in an experimental design and show that principa...
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作者：Segal, Carmit
作者单位：University of Zurich
摘要：Using data on young men from the National Education Longitudinal Survey, this paper investigates the relationship between childhood misbehavior and later education and labor market outcomes. The main finding is that eighth-grade misbehavior is important for earnings over and above eighth-grade test scores. Moreover, controlling for educational attainment, childhood misbehavior is associated with earnings at all educational levels, whereas achievement test scores are related to earnings only fo...
