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作者：Mayda, Anna Maria
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：This paper empirically analyzes economic and noneconomic determinants of individual attitudes toward immigrants, within and across countries. The two survey data sets used, covering a wide range developed and developing countries, make it possible to test for interactive effects between individual characteristics and country-level attributes. In particular, theory predicts that the correlation between pro-immigration attitudes and individual skill should be related to the skill composition nat...
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作者：Vytlacil, Edward
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This note shows that the local average treatment effect (LATE) assumptions of Angrist and Imbens are weaker than imposing an ordered, discrete-choice selection model if one imposes the standard assumption of constant thresholds in the latter. However, the note extends results of Vytlacil to show that the LATE assumptions are equivalent to an ordered, discrete-choice selection model if one allows for random thresholds in the latter. A nonparametric representation result for ordered, discrete-ch...
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作者：Behrman, Jere R.; Rosenzweig, Mark R.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Yale University
摘要：Many studies find that parental resources importantly determine children's human capital, schooling returns, and earnings. The collective household approach suggests that, in addition, parental resources of marital partners may importantly affect resource distributions within marriage. This paper presents empirical results consistent with this framework. They suggest that parental wealth continues to play roles in augmenting welfare of children into adulthood beyond provision of human capital ...
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作者：Boivin, Jean; Giannoni, Marc P.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We investigate the implications of changes in the structure of the U.S. economy for monetary policy effectiveness. Estimating a vector autoregression over the pre- and post-1980 periods, we provide evidence of a reduced effect of monetary policy shocks in the latter period. We estimate a structural model that replicates well the economy's response in both periods, and perform counterfactual experiments to determine the source of the change in the monetary transmission mechanism and in the econ...
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作者：Lubotsky, Darren; Wittenberg, Martin
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Cape Town
摘要：Multiple proxy variables are typically available for an unobserved explanatory variable in a regression. We provide a procedure by which the coefficient of interest can be estimated from a regression in which all the proxies are included simultaneously. This estimator is superior in large samples to the common practice of creating a summary measure of the proxy variables. We examine the relationship between parents' income and children's reading test scores in the United States, and between pa...
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作者：Fallick, Bruce; Fleischman, Charles A.; Rebitzer, James B.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Observers of Silicon Valley's computer cluster report that employees move rapidly between competing firms, but evidence supporting this claim is scarce. Job-hopping is important in computer clusters because it facilitates the reallocation of talent and resources toward firms with superior innovations. Using new data on labor mobility, we find higher rates of job-hopping for college-educated men in Silicon Valley's computer industry than in computer clusters located out of the state. Mobility r...
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作者：Chin, Aimee; Juhn, Chinhui; Thompson, Peter
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：Using a large, individual-level wage data set, we examine the impact of a major technological innovation-the steam engine-on the demand for skills in the merchant shipping industry. We find that the technical change created a new demand for engineers, a skilled occupation. It had a deskilling effect on production work-moderately skilled able-bodied seamen were replaced by unskilled engine room operatives. On the other hand, able-bodied seamen, carpenters, and mates employed on steam vessels ea...
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作者：Heckman, James J.; Urzua, Sergio; Vytlacil, Edward
作者单位：University of Chicago; University College Dublin; Columbia University
摘要：This paper examines the properties of instrumental variables (IV) applied to models with essential heterogeneity, that is, models where responses to interventions are heterogeneous and agents adopt treatments (participate in programs) with at least partial knowledge of their idiosyncratic response. We analyze two-outcome and multi ple-outcome models, including ordered and unordered choice models. We allow for transition-specific and general instruments. We generalize previous analyses by devel...
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作者：Gilboa, Itzhak; Lieberman, Offer; Schmeidler, David
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Yale University; Tel Aviv University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：An agent is asked to assess a real-valued variable Y-p based on certain characteristics X-p = (X-p(1)..., X-p(m)), and on a database consisting of (X-i(1),..., X-i(m), Y-i) for i = 1,..., n. A possible approach to combine past observations of X and Y with the current values of X to generate an assessment of Y is similarity-weighted averaging. It suggests that the predicted value of Y, (Y) over bar (s)(p), be the weighted average of all previously P observed values Y-i, where the weight of Y-i ...
