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作者：Crump, Richard K.; Hotz, V. Joseph; Imbens, Guido W.; Mitnik, Oscar A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; University of Miami; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：In this paper we develop two nonparametric tests of treatment effect heterogeneity. The first test is for the null hypothesis that the treatment has a zero average effect for all subpopulations defined by covariates. The second test is for the null hypothesis that the average effect conditional on the covariates is identical for all subpopulations, that is, that there is no heterogeneity in average treatment effects by covariates. We derive tests that are straightforward to implement and illus...
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作者：Osili, Una Okonkwo; Paulson, Anna L.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：We investigate the impact of institutions on financial development by analyzing the financial behavior of immigrants in the United States. We find that immigrants from countries with institutions that more effectively protect private property are more likely to own stock in the United States. The effect of home-country institutions is persistent and absorbed early in life. The impact of institutions is amplified for immigrants who live in metropolitan areas with many other immigrants from the ...
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作者：Kerr, William R.
作者单位：Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This study explores the role of U.S. ethnic scientific and entrepreneurial communities for international technology transfer to their home countries. U.S. ethnic researchers are quantified through an ethnic-name database and individual patent records. International patent citations confirm knowledge diffuses through ethnic networks, and manufacturing output in foreign countries increases with an elasticity of 0.1-0.3 to stronger scientific integration with the U.S. frontier. Specifications exp...
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作者：Cameron, A. Colin; Gelbach, Jonah B.; Miller, Douglas L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Arizona
摘要：Researchers have increasingly realized the need to account for within-group dependence in estimating standard errors of regression parameter estimates. The usual solution is to calculate cluster-robust standard errors that permit heteroskedasticity and within-cluster error correlation. but presume that the number of clusters is large. Standard asymptotic tests can over-reject, however, with few (five to thirty) clusters. We investigate inference using cluster bootstrap-t procedures that provid...
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作者：Pischke, Joern-Steffen; von Wachter, Till
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：We estimate the impact of compulsory schooling on earnings using changes in compulsory schooling laws in West Germany after World War II. Most estimates in the literature indicate returns in the range of 10% to 15%. While our research design is very similar to studies for various other countries, we find a zero return. We find no evidence that this is due to labor market institutions or the apprenticeship training system in Germany. The result might be due to the fact that the basic skills mos...
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作者：Lane, Philip R.; Milesi-Ferretti, Glan Maria
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：We provide a systematic analysis of the bilateral factors driving portfolio equity holdings across countries. We find that bilateral equity holdings are strongly correlated with bilateral trade in goods and services. Larger bilateral positions are also associated with proxies for informational proximity.
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作者：Jones, Benjamin F.; Olken, Benjamin A.
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：This paper investigates the remarkable extremes of growth experiences within countries and the changes that occur across growth transitions. We find two main results. First, virtually all but the very richest countries experience both growth miracles and failures over substantial periods. Second, growth accelerations and collapses are asymmetric phenomena. Collapses typically feature reduced investment amidst increasing price instability, whereas growth takeoffs are primarily associated with l...
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作者：Mroz, Thomas A.; Zayats, Yaraslau V.
作者单位：Clemson University
摘要：Empirical researchers sometimes misinterpret how additional regressors, heterogeneity corrections, and multilevel factors impact the interpretation of the estimated parameters in binary outcome models such as logit and probit. This can result in incorrect inferences about the importance of incorporating such features in these nonlinear statistical models. Some reports of biases in binary outcome models appear related to the arbitrary variance normalization required in binary outcome models. A ...
