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作者：Ananat, Elizabeth Oltmans; Gruber, Jonathan; Levine, Phillip B.; Staiger, Douglas
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Wellesley College; Dartmouth College
摘要：Abortion legalization in the early 1970s led to dramatic changes in fertility. Some research has suggested that it altered cohort outcomes, but this literature has been limited and controversial. In this paper, we provide a framework for understanding selection mechanisms and use that framework to both address inconsistent past methodological approaches and provide evidence on the long-run impact on cohort characteristics. Our results indicate that lower-cost abortion brought about by legaliza...
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作者：Cole, Shawn
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：In 1980, India nationalized its large private banks. This induced different bank ownership patterns across different towns, allowing credible identification of the effects of bank ownership on financial development, lending rates, and the quality of intermediation, as well as employment and investment. Credit markets with nationalized banks experienced faster credit growth during a period of financial repression. Nationalization led to lower interest rates and lower-quality intermediation, and...
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作者：Gibson, John; Stillman, Steven
作者单位：University of Waikato
摘要：Bigger firms pay higher wages. This note reports tests of the hypothesis that this big-firm premium (BFP) occurs because workers in big firms are more skilled. We use the International Adult Literacy Survey, which gives richer skill measures than those typically available in labor market surveys, to measure the BFP in nine countries with and without controls for worker skill. The results show that the BFP is not as universal as is often suggested, but in countries where it exists controlling f...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Heston, Alan; Timmer, Marcel P.; Deng, Haiyan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania; University of Groningen
摘要：We propose a new approach to the international comparison of real GDP, as measured from the output-side. The traditional Gary-Khamis system, which measures real GDP from the expenditure-side, is modified to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. It is shown that this system has a strictly positive solution under mild assumptions. On the basis of a sample of 151 countries in 1996, it is shown that differences between real GDP measured from the expenditure-side and output-s...
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作者：Conlin, Michael; Dickert-Conlin, Stacy; Pepper, John
作者单位：Michigan State University; University of Virginia
摘要：To control the deer population, state game commissions regulate the types of deer that can be legally harvested. These regulations, however, might have an unintended effect on hunting-related accidents by changing the care hunters take when firing their rifles-a moral hazard effect-or changing the composition of hunters. Using detailed data on hunting accidents and regulations in Pennsylvania counties from 1990 to 2005, we find compelling evidence that harvesting restrictions increase the care...
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作者：Weitzman, Martin L.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：With climate change as prototype example, this paper analyzes the implications of structural uncertainty for the economics of low-probability, high-impact catastrophes. Even when updated by Bayesian learning, uncertain structural parameters induce a critical tail fattening of posterior-predictive distributions. Such fattened tails have strong implications for situations, like climate change, where a catastrophe is theoretically possible because prior knowledge cannot place sufficiently narrow ...
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作者：Antonovics, Kate; Knight, Brian G.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Brown University
摘要：This paper provides new evidence on racial profiling using information on the race of both motorists and officers. Extending the model of Knowles, Persico, and Todd (2001), we develop a new test for distinguishing between preference-based and statistical discrimination. Our test is based on the notion that if search decisions are driven purely by statistical discrimination, then they should be independent of officer race. Our results, by contrast, demonstrate that officers are more likely to s...
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作者：Joyce, Ted
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY)
摘要：I first replicate Donohue and Levitt's results for violent and property crime arrest rates. I apply their data and specification to an analysis of age-specific homicide rates and murder arrest rates. The coefficients on the abortion rate have the wrong sign for two of the four measures of crime and none is statistically significant at conventional levels. I then use the legalization of abortion in 1973 to exploit two sources of variation: between-state changes in abortion rates before and afte...
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作者：Antonovics, Kate; Arcidiacono, Peter; Walsh, Randall
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Duke University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：An important issue with conducting economic analysis in the lab is whether the results generalize to real-world environments where the stakes and subject pool are considerably different. We examine data from the game show The Weakest Link to determine whether the gender of one's opponent affects performance. We then attempt to replicate the competitive structure of the game show in the lab with an undergraduate subject pool. The results in the lab only match when we both employ high stakes in ...
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作者：Ciccone, Antonio; Papaioannou, Elias
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Dartmouth College
摘要：We document that countries with higher initial education levels experienced faster value-added and employment growth in schooling-intensive industries in the 1980s and 1990s. This effect is robust to controls for other determinants of international specialization and becomes stronger when we focus on economies open to international trade. Our finding is consistent with schooling fostering the adoption of new technologies if such technologies are skilled-labor augmenting, as was the case in the...
