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作者：Adams, JD; Jaffe, AB
作者单位：Brandeis University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We find that the effects of parent firm R&D on plant-level productivity are diminished by both the geographic and technological distance between the research lab and the plants; that productivity appears to depend on R&D per plant rather than the total amount; and that spillovers from technologically related firms are significant but also depend on R&D intensity rather than total industry R&D. These results suggest that the ''dilution'' of R&D across multiple target plants reduces its potency ...
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作者：Verboven, F
作者单位：KU Leuven
摘要：Why are car prices so different across European countries? I construct and estimate an oligopoly model to analyze whether international price discrimination can explain the puzzle. Three sources of international price discrimination are considered: price elasticities, import quota constraints, and collusion. The data reveal that international price discrimination accounts for an important part of the observed price differences. Low price elasticities (or domestic market power) are present in F...
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作者：Jehiel, P; Moldovanu, B
作者单位：University of Mannheim
摘要：We study a model that involves identity-dependent, asymmetric negative external effects. Willingness to pay, which can be computed only in equilibrium, will reflect, besides private valuations, also preemptive incentives stemming from the desire to minimize the negative externalities. We find that the best strategy of some agents is simply not to participate in the market, although they cannot in this way avoid the negative external effects. An illustration is made for the acquisition of paten...
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作者：Moore, MJ
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article analyzes the effect of tobacco excise tax changes on mortality. Reduced-form regressions of mortality rates on tobacco taxes for the years 1954-1988, with controls for state, year, income, alcoholic beverage taxes, age distribution, and unobserved health trends indicate that tax increases lead to statistically significant decreases in smoking-related mortality. Evidence on the complementary relationship between alcohol and tobacco as it relates to health outcomes is also presented...
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作者：Klette, TJ
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：This article presents an alternative specification of knowledge production and derives a structural econometric model with some desirable properties. I provide a simple and less data-intensive framework for empirical studies of the relationship between firm performance and R&D. The main empirical finding are as follows: (i) R&D has a positive effect on performance, (ii) the appropriable part of knowledge capital depreciates at a rate of,2, (iii) there are significant spillover effects of R&D a...
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作者：Bagwell, K; Ramey, G
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：When avoidable fixed costs are introduced into the entry model of Dixit (1980) and Ware (1984), there arises a coordination problem in selecting among postentry Nash equilibria. Elimination of weakly dominated strategies allows the entrant to use a market-capturing strategy, consisting of a large capacity commitment that selects the entrant's preferred postentry equilibrium and drives the incumbent from the market. Deterring the entrant's market-capturing strategy typically requires the incumb...
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作者：Weil, D
摘要：Since its inception twenty-five years ago, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has been the subject of an intense public debate on its effectiveness, This article analyzes the determinants of establishment-level compliance with specific safety and health standards as a means of assessing the agency's effectiveness, The empirical results suggest that OSHA has had large impacts on business compliance behavior, despite its low regulatory profile. These results indicate that g...
