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作者：Gallego, Francisco A.
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：Why does schooling attainment vary widely across countries? Why are differences in schooling attainment highly persistent? I show that cross-country differences in schooling are related to political institutions, such as democracy and local democracy (political decentralization), which are affected by colonial factors. By using the number of native cultures before colonization as an instrument for political decentralization, I show that after controlling for the causal effect of income on scho...
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作者：Lutz, Byron
摘要：Economic theory suggests that intergovernmental grants are equivalent to private income. A large empirical literature, however, contradicts this prediction. A school finance reform in New Hampshire, where local public goods decisions are made by a form of direct democracy, provides an unusually compelling test of the theory. The results, which suggest that approximately ninety cents per grant dollar are spent on tax reduction, provide support for equivalence. The paper's findings have importan...
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作者：Barrios, Salvador; Bertinelli, Luisito; Strobl, Eric
作者单位：University of Luxembourg
摘要：We examine the role of rainfall trends in poor growth performance of sub-Saharan African nations relative to other developing countries, using a new cross-country panel climatic data set in an empirical economic growth framework. Our results show that rainfall has been a significant determinant of poor economic growth for African nations but not for other countries. Depending on the benchmark measure of potential rainfall, we estimate that the direct impact under the scenario of no decline in ...
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作者：Harvey, David I.; Kellard, Neil M.; Madsen, Jakob B.; Wohar, Mark E.
作者单位：University of Nottingham; University of Essex; Monash University; University of Nebraska System
摘要：We employ a unique data set and new time-series techniques to reexamine the existence of trends in relative primary commodity prices. The data set comprises 25 commodities and provides a new historical perspective, spanning the seventeenth to the twenty-first centuries. New tests for the trend function, robust to the order of integration of the series, are applied to the data. Results show that eleven price series present a significant and downward trend over all or some fraction of the sample...
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作者：Eslava, Marcela; Haltiwanger, John; Kugler, Adriana; Kugler, Maurice
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Houston System; University of Houston; National Bureau of Economic Research; Wilfrid Laurier University
摘要：We analyze nonlinear adjustments of capital and labor using plant data from the Colombian Annual Manufacturing Survey, allowing for interdependence in adjustments of the two factors. We find nonlinear employment and capital adjustments. We also find that capital shortages reduce hiring, and labor surpluses reduce capital shedding. Moreover, we find that job destruction and capital formation increased after factor market deregulation in Colombia. Finally, we find that completely eliminating fri...
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作者：Gottschalk, Peter; Huynh, Minh
作者单位：Boston College; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA
摘要：Measures of inequality and mobility based on self-reported earnings reflect attributes of both the joint distribution of earnings across time and the joint distribution of measurement error and earnings. While classical measurement error would increase measures of inequality and mobility, there is substantial evidence that measurement error in earnings is not classical. In this paper, we present the analytical links between nonclassical measurement error and some summary measures of inequality...
