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作者：Payne, A. Abigail; Roberts, Joanne
作者单位：McMaster University; University of Toronto; University of Calgary
摘要：Universities are engaged in many activities, primarily research and teaching. Many states have instituted performance measures that focus on evaluating a university's success in teaching. We suggest that multitasking may be important in this context, and we consider research outcomes after adoption. We find striking results that depend on university status. Research activity is higher at flagship institutions after the adoption of performance measures. Most of this increase in activity is with...
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作者：Krebs, Tom; Krishna, Pravin; Maloney, William
作者单位：University of Mannheim; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：This paper develops a framework to study empirically the relationship between trade policy and individual income risk and to evaluate the associated welfare consequences. The analysis proceeds in three steps. First, longitudinal data on workers are used to estimate time-varying individual income risk parameters in various manufacturing sectors. Second, the estimated income risk parameters and data on trade barriers are used to analyze the relationship between trade policy and income risk. Fina...
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作者：Eslava, Marcela; Haltiwanger, John; Kugler, Adriana; Kugler, Maurice
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Houston System; University of Houston; National Bureau of Economic Research; Wilfrid Laurier University
摘要：We analyze nonlinear adjustments of capital and labor using plant data from the Colombian Annual Manufacturing Survey, allowing for interdependence in adjustments of the two factors. We find nonlinear employment and capital adjustments. We also find that capital shortages reduce hiring, and labor surpluses reduce capital shedding. Moreover, we find that job destruction and capital formation increased after factor market deregulation in Colombia. Finally, we find that completely eliminating fri...
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作者：Black, Sandra E.; Spitz-Oener, Alexandra
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：In this study, we explore a new approach for analyzing changes in the gender pay gap that uses direct measures of job tasks and gives a comprehensive characterization of how work for men and women has changed in recent decades. Using data from West Germany, we find that women have witnessed relative increases in nonroutine analytic and interactive tasks. The most notable difference between the genders is, however, the pronounced relative decline in routine task inputs among women, driven, at l...
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作者：Coibion, Olivier
作者单位：William & Mary
摘要：I consider the empirical evidence for the sticky information model relative to the basic sticky price model, conditional on historical measures of inflation forecasts. The estimated structural parameters are inconsistent with an underlying sticky information model and the sticky information Phillips curve is statistically dominated by the new Keynesian Phillips curve. I find that the poor performance of the sticky information approach is driven by two key elements. First, the sticky informatio...
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作者：Altissimo, Filippo; Cristadoro, Riccardo; Forni, Mario; Lippi, Marco; Veronese, Giovanni
作者单位：Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Sapienza University Rome
摘要：Removal of short-run dynamics from a stationary time series to isolate the medium- to long-run component can be obtained by a bandpass filter. However, bandpass filters are infinite moving averages and can therefore deteriorate at the end of the sample. This is a well-known result in the literature isolating the business cycle in integrated series. We show that the same problem arises with our application to stationary time series. In this paper, we develop a method to obtain smoothing of a st...
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作者：Dutt, Pushan; Traca, Daniel
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
摘要：We analyze the impact of corruption on bilateral trade, highlighting its dual role in terms of extortion and evasion. Corruption taxes trade, when corrupt customs officials in the importing country extort bribes from exporters (extortion effect); however, with high tariffs, corruption may be trade enhancing when corrupt officials allow exporters to evade tariff barriers (evasion effect). We derive and estimate a comiption-augmented gravity model, where the effect of corruption on trade flows i...
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作者：Kosova, Renata
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：I examine how foreign presence affects the growth and survival of domestic firms. Separating a negative crowding out and positive technology spillovers, I analyze whether the crowding out effect is dynamic, that is, domestic firms cut production over time as foreign firms grow, or a static effect realized on foreign entry into the industry. Using 1994-2001 firm-level Czech data, I find evidence of both technology spillovers and crowding Out. However, crowding out is only short term; after init...
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作者：Mocan, H. Naci; Bali, Turan G.
作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY)
摘要：Recent theoretical models underscore the potential asymmetric response of various behaviors, ranging from criminal activity to smoking. In this paper, we use state-level panel and individual-level panel data to document the previously unnoticed asymmetric response of crime to changes in the unemployment rate. The results have policy implications, and they have potentially widespread ramifications because similar asymmetries may also be prevalent in other domains, ranging from the relationship ...
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作者：Malamud, Ofer; Pop-Eleches, Cristian
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：This paper examines the relative benefits of general education and vocational training during Romania's transition to a market economy. We examine a 1973 educational reform that shifted a large proportion of students from vocational training to general education. Using census and household survey data, we analyze the effect of this policy with a regression discontinuity design. We find that men affected by the policy are significantly less likely to work in manual or craft-related occupations ...
