-
作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I investigate the importance of the match between teachers and schools for student achievement. I show that teacher effectiveness increases after a move to a different school and estimate teacher-school match effects. Match quality explains away a quarter of and has two-thirds the explanatory power of teacher quality. Match quality is negatively correlated with school switching, is unrelated to exit, and increases with experience. This paper provides the first estimates of worker-firm match qu...
-
作者：Boustan, Leah; Ferreira, Fernando; Winkler, Hernan; Zolt, Eric M.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania; The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The income distribution in many developed countries widened dramatically from 1970 to 2000. Some scholars argue that income inequality contributes to a host of social ills by undermining voters' willingness to support public expenditures. In contrast, we find that growing income inequality is associated with an expansion in government revenues and expenditures on a wide range of services in U.S. municipalities and school districts. Results are robust to a number of model specifications, includ...
-
作者：Kosova, Renata; Lafontaine, Francine; Perrigot, Rozenn
作者单位：Imperial College London; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Universite de Rennes; ESC Rennes School of Business; Universite de Rennes
摘要：We use a unique proprietary panel data set from a large hotel company to study how organizational form affects hotel pricing and performance. Aggregate data patterns suggest sizable performance differences between franchised and company-operated hotels. However, after controlling for other factors, we find that if significant at all, such differences are economically small. Moreover, once we endogenize the choice of organizational form, the differences become insignificant. We conclude that th...
-
作者：Langer, Ashley; Miller, Nathan H.
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：We provide empirical evidence that automobile manufacturers use cash incentives to offset how gasoline price fluctuations affect the expected fuel expenses of automobile buyers. Regressions based on a database of incentives over 2003 to 2006 suggest that on average, manufacturers offset 40% of the change in relative fuel costs between vehicles due to gasoline price fluctuations. The results highlight that carbon taxes and emissions trading programs likelywould generate substantial substitution...
-
作者：Liu, Elaine M.
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：This paper examines the role of individual risk attitudes in the decision to adopt a new form of agricultural biotechnology in China. I conducted a survey and a field experiment to elicit the risk preferences of Chinese farmers, who faced the decision of whether to adopt genetically modified Bt cotton a decade ago. In my analysis, I expand the measurement of risk preferences beyond expected utility theory to incorporate prospect theory. I find that farmers who are more risk averse or more loss...
-
作者：Patel, Krishna; Vella, Francis
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：Occupational shares of various ethnic groups have grew tremendously in regional U.S. labor markets from 1980 to 2000. Using U. S. Census data, we examine the extent to which this growth is attributed to network effects by studying the relationship between the occupational choice of recently arrived immigrants with those of established immigrants from the same country, We find strong evidence of network effects. First, newarrivals are choosing the same occupations as their compatriots, a decisi...
-
作者：Balleer, Almut; van Rens, Thijs
作者单位：RWTH Aachen University; University of Warwick
摘要：Over the past two decades, technological progress in the United States has been biased toward skilled labor. What does this imply for business cycles? We construct a quarterly skill premium from the CPS and use it to identify skill-biased technology shocks in a VAR with long-run zero and sign restrictions. Hours fall in response to skill-biased technology shocks, indicating that part of the technology-induced fall in hours is due to a compositional shift in labor demand. Investment-specific te...
-
作者：Andersen, Steffen; Ertac, Seda; Gneezy, Uri; List, John A.; Maximiano, Sandra
作者单位：Copenhagen Business School; Koc University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Chicago
摘要：Recent literature presents evidence that men are more competitively inclined than women. Since top-level careers usually require competitiveness, competitiveness differences provide an explanation for gender gaps in wages and differences in occupational choice. A natural question is whether women are born less competitive or whether they become so through the process of socialization. To pinpoint when in the socialization process the difference arises, we compare the competitiveness of childre...
-
作者：Buccirossi, Paolo; Ciari, Lorenzo; Duso, Tomaso; Spagnolo, Giancarlo; Vitale, Cristiana
作者单位：Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of competition policy on total factor productivity growth for 22 industries in twelve OECD countries over 1995 to 2005. We find a positive and significant effect of competition policy as measured by created indexes. We provide results based on instrumental variables estimators and heterogeneous effects to support the causal nature of the established link. The effect is particularly strong for specific aspects of competition policy related to its institutional se...
-
作者：Avouyi-Dovi, Sanvi; Fougere, Denis; Gautier, Erwan
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; Nantes Universite
摘要：Using data sets on wage agreements at both industry and firm levels in France, we document stylized facts on wage stickiness. The average duration of wages is a little less than one year, and 10% of wages are modified each month by a wage agreement. The frequency of wage change agreements is staggered over the year, but the frequency of effective wage changes is seasonal. The national minimum wage has a significant impact on the probability and the seasonality of wage changes. Negotiated wage ...
