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作者：Slemrod, Joel; Rehman, Obeid Ur; Waseem, Mazhar
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Manchester
摘要：We examine two Pakistani programs to see if the public disclosure of tax information and social recognition of top taxpayers promotes tax compliance. Pakistan began revealing income tax paid by all taxpayers in 2012. Simultaneously, another program began recognizing and rewarding the top 100 tax- paying corporations, partnerships, self-employed individuals, and wage earners. We find that the public disclosure caused an increase of 9 log points and the social recognition program 17 log points i...
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作者：Goldin, Jacob; Reck, Daniel
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Default effects are pervasive, but the reason they arise is often unclear. We study optimal policy when the planner does not know whether an observed default effect reflects a welfare-relevant preference or a mistake. Within a broad class of models, we find that determining optimal policy is impossible without resolving this ambiguity. Depending on the resolution, optimal policy tends in opposite directions: either minimizing the number of nondefault choices or inducing active choice. We show ...
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作者：Argente, David; Hsieh, Chang-Tai; Lee, Munseob
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：South Korea publicly disclosed detailed location information of individuals who tested positive for COVID-19. We quantify the effect of public disclosure on the transmission of the virus and economic losses in Seoul. The change in commuting patterns due to public disclosure lowers the number of cases by 60,000 and the number of deaths by 2,000 in Seoul over two years. Compared to a city-wide lockdown that results in the same number of cases over two years as the disclosure scenario, the econom...
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作者：Ertola Navajas, Gabriela; Lopez Villalba, Paula A.; Rossi, Martin A.; Vazquez, Antonia
作者单位：Universidad de San Andres Argentina
摘要：We estimate the causal impact of military conscription on long-term beliefs and personality traits. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we exploit the conscription lottery in Argentina. We combine administrative data from the conscription lottery with data from a survey we designed on beliefs and personality traits. We find that men who were conscripted are more likely to adopt a military mind-set and that the effect is long lasting. Given the many people who go through military conscri...
