6676期

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• The history of the Coast Salish woolly dogs AI翻译
  作者：Orlando, Ludovic
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE)
  摘要：In many societies, dogs represent more than mere companions-they are highly esteemed working partners and integral community members that are sometimes revered for their spiritual importance (1). Dogs played these multifaceted roles in the Indigenous communities located around the Salish Sea, a region that encompasses tens of thousands of square miles in the Pacific Northwest near present-day Vancouver, Canada, and Seattle, Washington. However, the Coast Salish peoples also developed something...
• At last, modest headway against Alzheimer's AI翻译
  作者：Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer
• Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere AI翻译
  作者：He, Xu-Cheng; Simon, Mario; Iyer, Siddharth; Xie, Hong-Bin; Roerup, Birte; Shen, Jiali; Finkenzeller, Henning; Stolzenburg, Dominik; Zhang, Rongjie; Baccarini, Andrea; Tham, Yee Jun; Wang, Mingyi; Amanatidis, Stavros; Piedehierro, Ana A.; Amorim, Antonio; Baalbaki, Rima; Brasseur, Zoe; Caudillo, Lucia; Chu, Biwu; Dada, Lubna; Duplissy, Jonathan; El Haddad, Imad; Flagan, Richard C.; Granzin, Manuel; Hansel, Armin; Heinritzi, Martin; Hofbauer, Victoria; Jokinen, Tuija; Kemppainen, Deniz; Kong, Weimeng; Krechmer, Jordan; Kuerten, Andreas; Lamkaddam, Houssni; Lopez, Brandon; Ma, Fangfang; Mahfouz, Naser G. A.; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Manninen, Hanna E.; Marie, Guillaume; Marten, Ruby; Massabo, Dario; Mauldin, Roy L.; Mentler, Bernhard; Onnela, Antti; Petaejae, Tuukka; Pfeifer, Joschka; Philippov, Maxim; Ranjithkumar, Ananth; Rissanen, Matti P.; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Scholz, Wiebke; Schulze, Benjamin; Surdu, Mihnea; Thakur, Roseline C.; Tome, Antonio; Wagner, Andrea C.; Wang, Dongyu; Wang, Yonghong; Weber, Stefan K.; Welti, Andre; Winkler, Paul M.; Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel; Baltensperger, Urs; Curtius, Joachim; Kurten, Theo; Worsnop, Douglas R.; Volkamer, Rainer; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Kirkby, Jasper; Donahue, Neil M.; Sipilae, Mikko; Kulmala, Markku
  作者单位：University of Helsinki; Carnegie Mellon University; Finnish Meteorological Institute; Goethe University Frankfurt; Tampere University; Dalian University of Technology; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Technische Universitat Wien; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Sun Yat Sen University; California Institute of Technology; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), CAS; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Institute of Physics; University of Innsbruck; Aerodyne Research; Carnegie Mellon University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Academy of Science Lebedev Physical Institute; Moscow Institute of Physics & Technology; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); University of Genoa; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; University of Helsinki; University of Eastern Finland; Universidade da Beira Interior; University of Vienna; Carnegie Mellon University; Nanjing University; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  摘要：The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. In experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated the interplay of H2SO4 and HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We found that HIOx greatly enhan...
• Agriculture and hot temperatures interactively erode the nest success of habitat generalist birds across the United States (Dec, 10.1126/science.adn2847, 2023) AI翻译
  作者：Lauck, K. S.
• Low voltage-driven high-performance thermal switching in antiferroelectric PbZrO3 thin films AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Chenhan; Si, Yangyang; Zhang, Hua; Wu, Chao; Deng, Shiqing; Dong, Yongqi; Li, Yijie; Zhuo, Meng; Fan, Ningbo; Xu, Bin; Lu, Ping; Zhang, Lifa; Lin, Xi; Liu, Xingjun; Yang, Juekuan; Luo, Zhenlin; Das, Sujit; Bellaiche, Laurent; Chen, Yunfei; Chen, Zuhuang
  作者单位：Nanjing Normal University; Harbin Institute of Technology; Southeast University - China; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Soochow University - China; Nanjing Normal University; Indian Institute of Science (IISC) - Bangalore; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Harbin Institute of Technology
  摘要：Effective control of heat transfer is vital for energy saving and carbon emission reduction. In contrast to achievements in electrical conduction, active control of heat transfer is much more challenging. Ferroelectrics are promising candidates for thermal switching as a result of their tunable domain structures. However, switching ratios in ferroelectrics are low (<1.2). We report that high-quality antiferroelectric PbZrO3 epitaxial thin films exhibit high-contrast (>2.2), fast-speed (<150 na...
• So Much Stuff: How Humans Discovered Tools, Invented Meaning, and Made More of Everything AI翻译
  作者：Robb, John
  作者单位：University of Cambridge
• Do tiny black holes from cosmic dawn hide within giant stars? AI翻译
  作者：Mann, Adam
  摘要：Idea could account for universe's mysterious dark matter
• Florida law blocks hiring of Chinese students AI翻译
  作者：Mervis, Jeffrey
• Ancient chicken remains reveal the origins of virulence in Marek's disease virus AI翻译
  作者：Fiddaman, Steven R.; Dimopoulos, Evangelos A.; Lebrasseur, Ophelie; du Plessis, Louis; Vrancken, Bram; Charlton, Sophy; Haruda, Ashleigh F.; Tabbada, Kristina; Flammer, Patrik G.; Dascalu, Stefan; Markovic, Nemanja; Li, Hannah; Franklin, Gabrielle; Symmons, Robert; Baron, Henriette; Daroczi-Szabo, Laszlo; Shaymuratova, Dilyara N.; Askeyev, Igor V.; Putelat, Olivier; Sana, Maria; Davoudi, Hossein; Fathi, Homa; Mucheshi, Amir Saed; Vahdati, Ali Akbar; Zhang, Liangren; Foster, Alison; Sykes, Naomi; Baumberg, Gabrielle Cass; Bulatovic, Jelena; Askeyev, Arthur O.; Askeyev, Oleg V.; Mashkour, Marjan; Pybus, Oliver G.; Nair, Venugopal; Larson, Greger; Smith, Adrian L.; Frantz, Laurent A. F.
  作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Cambridge; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; KU Leuven; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of York - UK; University of London; University College London; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of Tehran; Payame Noor University; Nanjing University; University of Exeter; University of Gothenburg; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); University of London; University of London Royal Veterinary College; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Pirbright Institute; University of Munich; University of London; Queen Mary University London
  摘要：The pronounced growth in livestock populations since the 1950s has altered the epidemiological and evolutionary trajectory of their associated pathogens. For example, Marek's disease virus (MDV), which causes lymphoid tumors in chickens, has experienced a marked increase in virulence over the past century. Today, MDV infections kill >90% of unvaccinated birds, and controlling it costs more than US$1 billion annually. By sequencing MDV genomes derived from archeological chickens, we demonstrate...
• Backpropagation-free training of deep physical neural networks AI翻译
  作者：Momeni, Ali; Rahmani, Babak; Mallejac, Matthieu; del Hougne, Philipp; Fleury, Romain
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Microsoft; Microsoft United Kingdom; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); Universite de Rennes
  摘要：Recent successes in deep learning for vision and natural language processing are attributed to larger models but come with energy consumption and scalability issues. Current training of digital deep-learning models primarily relies on backpropagation that is unsuitable for physical implementation. In this work, we propose a simple deep neural network architecture augmented by a physical local learning (PhyLL) algorithm, which enables supervised and unsupervised training of deep physical neural...