2023

最新文章

• Herbivory limits success of vegetation restoration globally AI翻译
  作者：Xu, Changlin; Silliman, Brian R.; Chen, Jianshe; Li, Xincheng; Thomsen, Mads S.; Zhang, Qun; Lee, Juhyung; Lefcheck, Jonathan S.; Daleo, Pedro; Hughes, Brent B.; Jones, Holly P.; Wang, Rong; Wang, Shaopeng; Smith, Carter S.; Xi, Xinqiang; Altieri, Andrew H.; van de Koppel, Johan; Palmer, Todd M.; Liu, Lingli; Wu, Jihua; Li, Bo; He, Qiang
  作者单位：Fudan University; Duke University; University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury; Aarhus University; Northeastern University; Pusan National University; Pusan National University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science; National University of Mar del Plata; California State University System; Sonoma State University; Northern Illinois University; Northern Illinois University; East China Normal University; Peking University; Peking University; Nanjing University; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Utrecht University; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ); University of Groningen; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Botany, CAS; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Yunnan University
  摘要：Restoring vegetation in degraded ecosystems is an increasingly common practice for promoting biodiversity and ecological function, but successful implementation is hampered by an incomplete understanding of the processes that limit restoration success. By synthesizing terrestrial and aquatic studies globally (2594 experimental tests from 610 articles), we reveal substantial herbivore control of vegetation under restoration. Herbivores at restoration sites reduced vegetation abundance more stro...
• Supermassive black hole feeding and feedback observed on subparsec scales AI翻译
  作者：Izumi, Takuma; Wada, Keiichi; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Nakanishi, Kouichiro; Kohno, Kotaro; Kudoh, Yuki; Kawamuro, Taiki; Baba, Shunsuke; Matsumoto, Naoki; Fujita, Yutaka; Tristram, Konrad R. W.
  作者单位：National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ); Tokyo Metropolitan University; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; Kagoshima University; Ehime University; Hokkaido University; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Tohoku University; RIKEN; European Southern Observatory
  摘要：Active galaxies contain a supermassive black hole at their center that grows by accreting matter from the surrounding galaxy. The accretion process in about the central 10 parsecs has not been directly resolved in previous observations because of the small apparent angular sizes involved. We observed the active nucleus of the Circinus Galaxy using submillimeter interferometry. A dense inflow of molecular gas was evident on subparsec scales. We calculated that less than 3% of this inflow is acc...
• The -KTS splice variant of WT1 is essential for ovarian determination in mice AI翻译
  作者：Gregoire, Elodie P.; De Cian, Marie-Cecile; Migale, Roberta; Perea-Gomez, Aitana; Schaub, Sebastien; Bellido-Carreras, Natividad; Stevant, Isabelle; Mayere, Chloe; Neirijnck, Yasmine; Loubat, Agnes; Rivaud, Paul; Sopena, Miriam Llorian; Lachambre, Simon; Linssen, Margot M.; Hohenstein, Peter; Lovell-Badge, Robin; Nef, Serge; Chalmel, Frederic; Schedl, Andreas; Chaboissier, Marie-Christine
  作者单位：Universite Cote d'Azur; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Francis Crick Institute; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Geneva; University of Geneva; Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique (EHESP); Universite de Rennes; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University - Excl LUMC
  摘要：Sex determination in mammals depends on the differentiation of the supporting lineage of the gonads into Sertoli or pregranulosa cells that govern testis and ovary development, respectively. Although the Y-linked testis-determining gene Sry has been identified, the ovarian-determining factor remains unknown. In this study, we identified -KTS, a major, alternatively spliced isoform of the Wilms tumor suppressor WT1, as a key determinant of female sex determination. Loss of -KTS variants blocked...
• CD8 T cell tolerance results from eviction of immature autoreactive cells from the thymus AI翻译
  作者：Badr, Mohamed Elsherif; Zhang, Zhongmei; Tai, Xuguang; Singer, Alfred
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI)
  摘要：CD8 T cell tolerance is thought to result from clonal deletion of autoreactive thymocytes before they differentiate into mature CD8 T cells in the thymus. However, we report that, in mice, CD8 T cell tolerance instead results from premature thymic eviction of immature autoreactive CD8 thymocytes into the periphery, where they differentiate into self-tolerant mature CD8 T cells. Premature thymic eviction is triggered by T cell receptor (TCR)-driven down-regulation of the transcriptional repress...
• Electrically gated molecular thermal switch AI翻译
  作者：Li, Man; Wu, Huan; Avery, Erin M.; Qin, Zihao; Goronzy, Dominic P.; Nguyen, Huu Duy; Liu, Tianhan; Weiss, Paul S.; Hu, Yongjie
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Controlling heat flow is a key challenge for applications ranging from thermal management in electronics to energy systems, industrial processing, and thermal therapy. However, progress has generally been limited by slow response times and low tunability in thermal conductance. In this work, we demonstrate an electronically gated solid-state thermal switch using self-assembled molecular junctions to achieve excellent performance at room temperature. In this three-terminal device, heat flow is ...
• Solid electrolytes redefine ion conduction AI翻译
  作者：Van der Ven, Anton
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
• Volitional activation of remote place representations with a hippocampal brain-machine interface AI翻译
  作者：Lai, Chongxi; Tanaka, Shinsuke; Harris, Timothy D.; Lee, Albert K.
  作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
  摘要：The hippocampus is critical for recollecting and imagining experiences. This is believed to involve voluntarily drawing from hippocampal memory representations of people, events, and places, including maplike representations of familiar environments. However, whether representations in such cognitive maps can be volitionally accessed is unknown. We developed a brain-machine interface to test whether rats can do so by controlling their hippocampal activity in a flexible, goal-directed, and mod...
• Ancient fish reveal the origin of the shoulder in vertebrates AI翻译
  作者：Pennisi, Elizabeth
• Lawsuits force changes in US pesticide regs AI翻译
  作者：Stokstad, Erik
• Plan to ′rewild′Argentina′s guanacos stirs debate AI翻译
  作者：Karath, Kata