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作者：Alvarez, Fernando; Argente, David; Van Patten, Diana
作者单位：University of Chicago; Yale University
摘要：A currency's essential feature is to be a medium of exchange. This study explores the potential of cryptocurrencies to be used in daily transactions in El Salvador, the first country to make bitcoin legal tender. The government's big push introduced Chivo Wallet, a digital wallet sharing features with Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), with perks to use it for trading bitcoins and US dollars. Through a nationally representative, face-to-face survey of 1800 households and blockchain data ...
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作者：Cohen, Jon
摘要：CRISPR-engineered herpesviruses can speed spread of genes to viral relatives in mice
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作者：Fischman, Robert L.; Ruhl, J. B.; Forester, Brenna R.; Lama, Tanya M.; Kardos, Marty; Rojas, Grethel Aguilar; Robinson, Nicholas A.; Shirey, Patrick D.; Lamberti, Gary A.; Ando, Amy W.; Palumbi, Stephen; Wara, Michael; Schwartz, Mark W.; Williamson, Matthew A.; Berger-Wolf, Tanya; Beery, Sara; Rolnick, David; Kitzes, Justin; Thau, David; Tuia, Devis; Rubenstein, Daniel; Hickman, Caleb R.; Thorstenson, Julie; Kaebnick, Gregory E.; Collins, James P.; Jayaram, Athmeya; Deleuil, Thomas; Zhao, Ying
作者单位：Indiana University System; Vanderbilt University; United States Department of the Interior; US Fish & Wildlife Service; Smith College; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Notre Dame; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Boise State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); McGill University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; World Wildlife Fund; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Princeton University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：In late December 1973, the United States enacted what some would come to call the pitbull of environmental laws. In the 50 years since, the formidable regulatory teeth of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) have been credited with considerable successes, obliging agencies to draw upon the best available science to protect species and habitats. Yet human pressures continue to push the planet toward extinctions on a massive scale. With that prospect looming, and with scientific understanding ever c...
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作者：Sheng, Zhizhi; Zhang, Xuetong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, CAS; University of London; University College London
摘要：Aerogels have been considered as super thermal insulators since their invention in 1931. The successful adoption of aerogels, which are made by replacing the liquid in a gel with gas while maintaining a stable network, in NASA vehicles such as the Mars rover has inspired the use of aerogels in personal warming. But applications of aerogels in textiles have been limited by their insufficient moisture permeability. Aerogel fibers are being developed to address the trade-off between thermal insul...
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作者：Lam, Remi; Sanchez-Gonzalez, Alvaro; Willson, Matthew; Wirnsberger, Peter; Fortunato, Meire; Alet, Ferran; Ravuri, Suman; Ewalds, Timo; Eaton-Rosen, Zach; Hu, Weihua; Merose, Alexander; Hoyer, Stephan; Holland, George; Vinyals, Oriol; Stott, Jacklynn; Pritzel, Alexander; Mohamed, Shakir; Battaglia, Peter
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; DeepMind; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated
摘要：Global medium-range weather forecasting is critical to decision-making across many social and economic domains. Traditional numerical weather prediction uses increased compute resources to improve forecast accuracy but does not directly use historical weather data to improve the underlying model. Here, we introduce GraphCast, a machine learning-based method trained directly from reanalysis data. It predicts hundreds of weather variables for the next 10 days at 0.25(degrees) resolution globally...
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作者：Savitsky, Zack
摘要：A ghostly quasiparticle rooted in a century-old Italian mystery could unlock quantum computing's potential-if only it could be pinned down
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作者：Heydenreich, Franziska M.; Marti-Solano, Maria; Sandhu, Manbir; Kobilka, Brian K.; Bouvier, Michel; Babu, M. Madan
作者单位：Stanford University; MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; Universite de Montreal; University of Cambridge; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; Philipps University Marburg
摘要：INTRODUCTION Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) bind extracellular ligands to modulate intracellular signaling responses. Two fundamental properties of ligand-receptor-signaling systems are efficacy (the maximum achievable response) and potency (the ligand concentration required to produce the half-maximal response). Although efficacy and potency have been measured for numerous ligand-receptor-signaling systems for several decades, the molec...
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作者：Zeichner, Sarah S.; Aponte, Jose C.; Bhattacharjee, Surjyendu; Dong, Guannan; Hofmann, Amy E.; Dworkin, Jason P.; Glavin, Daniel P.; Elsila, Jamie E.; Graham, Heather V.; Naraoka, Hiroshi; Takano, Yoshinori; Tachibana, Shogo; Karp, Allison T.; Grice, Kliti; Holman, Alex I.; Freeman, Katherine H.; Yurimoto, Hisayoshi; Nakamura, Tomoki; Noguchi, Takaaki; Okazaki, Ryuji; Yabuta, Hikaru; Sakamoto, Kanako; Yada, Toru; Nishimura, Masahiro; Nakato, Aiko; Miyazaki, Akiko; Yogata, Kasumi; Abe, Masanao; Okada, Tatsuaki; Usui, Tomohiro; Yoshikawa, Makoto; Saiki, Takanao; Tanaka, Satoshi; Terui, Fuyuto; Nakazawa, Satoru; Watanabe, Sei-ichiro; Tsuda, Yuichi; Hamase, Kenji; Fukushima, Kazuhiko; Aoki, Dan; Hashiguchi, Minako; Mita, Hajime; Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Ohkouchi, Naohiko; Ogawa, Nanako O.; Sakai, Saburo; Parker, Eric T.; McLain, Hannah L.; Orthous-Daunay, Francois-Regis; Vuitton, Veronique; Wolters, Cedric; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe; Hertkorn, Norbert; Thissen, Roland; Ruf, Alexander; Isa, Junko; Oba, Yasuhiro; Koga, Toshiki; Yoshimura, Toshihiro; Araoka, Daisuke; Sugahara, Haruna; Furusho, Aogu; Furukawa, Yoshihiro; Aoki, Junken; Kano, Kuniyuki; Nomura, Shin-ichiro M.; Sasaki, Kazunori; Sato, Hajime; Yoshikawa, Takaaki; Tanaka, Satoru; Morita, Mayu; Onose, Morihiko; Kabashima, Fumie; Fujishima, Kosuke; Yamazaki, Tomoya; Kimura, Yuki; Eiler, John M.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); Kyushu University; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); University of Tokyo; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA); Institute of Space & Astronautical Science (ISAS); Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Yale University; Brown University; Curtin University; Hokkaido University; Tohoku University; Kyoto University; Hiroshima University; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; University of Tokyo; Kanagawa Institute Technology; Nagoya University; Kyushu University; Nagoya University; Fukuoka Institute of Technology; Hokkaido University; Institut de Planetologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Technical University of Munich; Max Planck Society; Linkoping University; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Munich; Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Chiba Institute of Technology; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Kyushu University; University of Tokyo; Tohoku University; Keio University; Horiba Ltd.; Keio University; Hiroshima University; University of Shizuoka
摘要：Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contain less than or similar to 20% of the carbon in the interstellar medium. They are potentially produced in circumstellar environments (at temperatures greater than or similar to 1000 kelvin), by (similar to 10 kelvin) interstellar clouds, or by processing of carbon-rich dust grains. We report isotopic properties of PAHs extracted from samples of the asteroid Ryugu and the meteorite Murchison. The doubly-C-13 substituted compositions (Delta 2x(13)C va...
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作者：Maury, Eduardo A.; Walsh, Christopher A.; Kahle, Kristopher T.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
摘要：Surgical innovation is helping to identify roles for somatic mutations in brain disorders Somatic variants are genomic alterations present in some cells of the body but not in others. In contrast to inherited germline variants, somatic variants are typically acquired during postzygotic cell divisions or from environmental factors. Somatic variants in a given tissue can also be highly dynamic, such as in the brain, where the number of clonal variants can change during aging and disease (1). Neu...
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作者：Thorp, H. Holden
摘要：Last week, Science reflected on major achievements in science in 2023, from weight loss drugs and a malaria vaccine to exascale computing and advances in artificial intelligence. These are all impressive developments and provide yet more testimony to the power of science to continually expand the quality of our lives while deepening our understanding of the world. Even so, it's hard to end the year without some worries about 2024. Wars in Ukraine and Gaza will grind on in the new year, and the...
