作者：Zhang, Wei; Kim, Sungmin; Wahl, Lennart; Khare, Rachit; Hale, Lillian; Hu, Jianzhi; Camaioni, Donald M.; Gutierrez, Oliver Y.; Liu, Yue; Lercher, Johannes A.
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; East China Normal University
摘要：Selective upcycling of polyolefin waste has been hampered by the relatively high temperatures that are required to cleave the carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds at reasonably high rates. We present a distinctive approach that uses a highly ionic reaction environment to increase the polymer reactivity and lower the energy of ionic transition states. Combining endothermic cleavage of the polymer C-C bonds with exothermic alkylation reactions of the cracking products enables full conversion of polyethylen...
作者：Naraoka, Hiroshi; Takano, Yoshinori; Dworkin, Jason P.; Oba, Yasuhiro; Hamase, Kenji; Furusho, Aogu; Ogawa, Nanako O.; Hashiguchi, Minako; Fukushima, Kazuhiko; Aoki, Dan; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe; Aponte, Jose C.; Parker, Eric T.; Glavin, Daniel P.; McLain, Hannah L.; Elsila, Jamie E.; Graham, Heather V.; Eiler, John M.; Orthous-Daunay, Francois-Regis; Wolters, Cedric; Isa, Junko; Vuitton, Veronique; Thissen, Roland; Sakai, Saburo; Yoshimura, Toshihiro; Koga, Toshiki; Ohkouchi, Naohiko; Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Sugahara, Haruna; Mita, Hajime; Furukawa, Yoshihiro; Hertkorn, Norbert; Ruf, Alexander; Yurimoto, Hisayoshi; Nakamura, Tomoki; Noguchi, Takaaki; Okazaki, Ryuji; Yabuta, Hikaru; Sakamoto, Kanako; Tachibana, Shogo; Connolly, Harold C., Jr.; Lauretta, Dante S.; Abe, Masanao; Yada, Toru; Nishimura, Masahiro; Yogata, Kasumi; Nakato, Aiko; Yoshitake, Miwa; Suzuki, Ayako; Miyazaki, Akiko; Furuya, Shizuho; Hatakeda, Kentaro; Soejima, Hiromichi; Hitomi, Yuya; Kumagai, Kazuya; Usui, Tomohiro; Hayashi, Tasuku; Yamamoto, Daiki; Fukai, Ryota; Kitazato, Kohei; Sugita, Seiji; Namiki, Noriyuki; Arakawa, Masahiko; Ikeda, Hitoshi; Ishiguro, Masateru; Hirata, Naru; Wada, Koji; Ishihara, Yoshiaki; Noguchi, Rina; Morota, Tomokatsu; Sakatani, Naoya; Matsumoto, Koji; Senshu, Hiroki; Honda, Rie; Tatsumi, Eri; Yokota, Yasuhiro; Honda, Chikatoshi; Michikami, Tatsuhiro; Matsuoka, Moe; Miura, Akira; Noda, Hirotomo; Yamada, Tetsuya; Yoshihara, Keisuke; Kawahara, Kosuke; Ozaki, Masanobu; Iijima, Yu-ichi; Yano, Hajime; Hayakawa, Masahiko; Iwata, Takahiro; Tsukizaki, Ryudo; Sawada, Hirotaka; Hosoda, Satoshi; Ogawa, Kazunori; Okamoto, Chisato; Hirata, Naoyuki; Shirai, Kei; Shimaki, Yuri; Yamada, Manabu; Okada, Tatsuaki; Yamamoto, Yukio; Takeuchi, Hiroshi; Fujii, Atsushi; Takei, Yuto; Yoshikawa, Kento; Mimasu, Yuya; Ono, Go; Ogawa, Naoko; Kikuchi, Shota; Nakazawa, Satoru; Terui, Fuyuto; Tanaka, Satoshi; Saiki, Takanao; Yoshikawa, Makoto; Watanabe, Sei-ichiro; Tsuda, Yuichi
作者单位：Kyushu University; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Hokkaido University; Kyushu University; Nagoya University; Nagoya University; Technical University of Munich; Max Planck Society; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Catholic University of America; California Institute of Technology; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Institut de Planetologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG); Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Chiba Institute of Technology; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA); Institute of Space & Astronautical Science (ISAS); Fukuoka Institute of Technology; Tohoku University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; University of Munich; Hokkaido University; Kyoto University; Hiroshima University; University of Tokyo; Rowan University; University of Arizona; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; University of Aizu; National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ); Kobe University; Seoul National University (SNU); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA); Niigata University; Rikkyo University; Ehime University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Universidad de la Laguna; Kindai University (Kinki University); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA); University of Tokyo; Kanagawa Institute Technology; University of Shizuoka; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST)
摘要：The Hayabusa2 spacecraft collected samples from the surface of the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu and brought them to Earth. The samples were expected to contain organic molecules, which record processes that occurred in the early Solar System. We analyzed organic molecules extracted from the Ryugu surface samples. We identified a variety of molecules containing the atoms CHNOS, formed by methylation, hydration, hydroxylation, and sulfurization reactions. Amino acids, aliphati...
作者：Katich, J. M.; Apel, E. C.; Bourgeois, I.; Brock, C. A.; Bui, T. P.; Campuzano-Jost, P.; Commane, R.; Daube, B.; Dollner, M.; Fromm, M.; Froyd, K. D.; Hills, A. J.; Hornbrook, R. S.; Jimenez, J. L.; Kupc, A.; Lamb, K. D.; McKain, K.; Moore, F.; Murphy, D. M.; Nault, B. A.; Peischl, J.; Perring, A. E.; Peterson, D. A.; Ray, E. A.; Rosenlof, K. H.; Ryerson, T.; Schill, G. P.; Schroder, J. C.; Weinzierl, B.; Thompson, C.; Williamson, C. J.; Wofsy, S. C.; Yu, P.; Schwarz, J. P.
作者单位：National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Columbia University; Harvard University; University of Vienna; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Research Laboratory; Aerodyne Research; Colgate University; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Research Laboratory; Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; Jinan University
摘要：Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) are wildfire-generated convective clouds that can inject smoke directly into the stratosphere. PyroCb have been tracked for years, yet their apparent rarity and episodic nature lead to highly uncertain climate impacts. In situ measurements of pyroCb smoke reveal its distinctive and exceptionally stable aerosol properties and define the long-term influence of pyroCb activity on the stratospheric aerosol budget. Analysis of 13 years of airborne observations shows that p...
作者：De Souza, Amanda P.; Burgess, Steven J.; Doran, Lynn; Manukyan, Lusya; Hansen, Jeffrey; Maryn, Nina; Leonelli, Lauribel; Niyogi, Krishna K.; Stephen, Stephen P.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
摘要：We recently demonstrated that accelerating the relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching leads to higher soybean photosynthetic efficiency and yield. In response, Sinclair et al. assert that improved photosynthesis cannot improve crop yields and that there is only one valid experimental design for proving a genetic improvement in yield. We explain here why neither assertion is valid.
