Pyrocumulonimbus affect average stratospheric aerosol composition

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Katich, J. M.; Apel, E. C.; Bourgeois, I.; Brock, C. A.; Bui, T. P.; Campuzano-Jost, P.; Commane, R.; Daube, B.; Dollner, M.; Fromm, M.; Froyd, K. D.; Hills, A. J.; Hornbrook, R. S.; Jimenez, J. L.; Kupc, A.; Lamb, K. D.; McKain, K.; Moore, F.; Murphy, D. M.; Nault, B. A.; Peischl, J.; Perring, A. E.; Peterson, D. A.; Ray, E. A.; Rosenlof, K. H.; Ryerson, T.; Schill, G. P.; Schroder, J. C.; Weinzierl, B.; Thompson, C.; Williamson, C. J.; Wofsy, S. C.; Yu, P.; Schwarz, J. P.
• 署名单位: National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Columbia University; Harvard University; University of Vienna; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Research Laboratory; Aerodyne Research; Colgate University; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Research Laboratory; Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; Jinan University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-13332
• DOI: 10.1126/science.add3101
• 发表日期: 2023-02-24
• 页码: 815-+
• 关键词: forest-fire smoke; black carbon; wildfire smoke; transport; removal; lidar

摘要

Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) are wildfire-generated convective clouds that can inject smoke directly into the stratosphere. PyroCb have been tracked for years, yet their apparent rarity and episodic nature lead to highly uncertain climate impacts. In situ measurements of pyroCb smoke reveal its distinctive and exceptionally stable aerosol properties and define the long-term influence of pyroCb activity on the stratospheric aerosol budget. Analysis of 13 years of airborne observations shows that pyroCb are responsible for 10 to 25% of the black carbon and organic aerosols in the present-day lower stratosphere, with similar impacts in both the North and South Hemispheres. These results suggest that, should pyroCb increase in frequency and/or magnitude in future climates, they could generate dominant trends in stratospheric aerosol.