作者：Rasmussen, Laura Vang; Grass, Ingo; Mehrabi, Zia; Smith, Olivia M.; Bezner-Kerr, Rachel; Blesh, Jennifer; Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro; Isaac, Marney E.; Kennedy, Christina M.; Wittman, Hannah; Batary, Peter; Buchori, Damayanti; Cerda, Rolando; Chara, Julian; Crowder, David W.; Darras, Kevin; Demaster, Kathryn; Garcia, Karina; Gomez, Manuel; Gonthier, David; Hidayat, Purnama; Hipolito, Juliana; Hirons, Mark; Hoey, Lesli; James, Dana; John, Innocensia; Jones, Andrew D.; Karp, Daniel S.; Kebede, Yodit; Kerr, Carmen Bezner; Klassen, Susanna; Kotowska, Martyna; Kreft, Holger; Llanque, Ramiro; Levers, Christian; Lizcano, Diego J.; Lu, Adrian; Madsen, Sidney; Marques, Rosebelly Nunes; Martins, Pedro Buss; Melo, America; Nyantakyi-Frimpong, Hanson; Olimpi, Elissa M.; Owen, Jeb P.; Pantevez, Heiber; Qaim, Matin; Redlich, Sarah; Scherber, Christoph; Sciligo, Amber R.; Snapp, Sieglinde; Snyder, William E.; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf; Stratton, Anne Elise; Taylor, Joseph M.; Tscharntke, Teja; Valencia, Vivian; Vogel, Cassandra; Kremen, Claire
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University Hohenheim; University Hohenheim; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Cornell University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of Toronto; Nature Conservancy; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research; Bogor Agricultural University; CATIE - Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza; Washington State University; INRAE; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Kentucky; Bogor Agricultural University; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Universidade Federal de Vicosa; Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; University of Oxford; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Dar es Salaam; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Davis; Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); INRAE; Universite de Montpellier; University of Toronto; University of Victoria; University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Johann Heinrich von Thunen Institute; Nature Conservancy; Universidade de Sao Paulo; University of Denver; University of Bonn; University of Wurzburg; Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK); University of Bonn; CGIAR; International Maize & Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT); University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University Hohenheim; University of Gottingen; Wageningen University & Research; Bishops University; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; University of British Columbia
摘要：Agricultural simplification continues to expand at the expense of more diverse forms of agriculture. This simplification, for example, in the form of intensively managed monocultures, poses a risk to keeping the world within safe and just Earth system boundaries. Here, we estimated how agricultural diversification simultaneously affects social and environmental outcomes. Drawing from 24 studies in 11 countries across 2655 farms, we show how five diversification strategies focusing on livestock...
作者：Rosenberg, E.; Andersen, T. I.; Samajdar, R.; Petukhov, A.; Hoke, J. C.; Abanin, D.; Bengtsson, A.; Drozdov, I. K.; Erickson, C.; Klimov, P. V.; Mi, X.; Morvan, A.; Neeley, M.; Neill, C.; Acharya, R.; Allen, R.; Anderson, K.; Ansmann, M.; Arute, F.; Arya, K.; Asfaw, A.; Atalaya, J.; Bardin, J. C.; Bilmes, A.; Bortoli, G.; Bourassa, A.; Bovaird, J.; Brill, L.; Broughton, M.; Buckley, B. B.; Buell, D. A.; Burger, T.; Burkett, B.; Bushnell, N.; Campero, J.; Chang, H. -S.; Chen, Z.; Chiaro, B.; Chik, D.; Cogan, J.; Collins, R.; Conner, P.; Courtney, W.; Crook, A. L.; Curtin, B.; Debroy, D. M.; Barba, A. Del Toro; Demura, S.; Di Paolo, A.; Dunsworth, A.; Earle, C.; Faoro, L.; Farhi, E.; Fatemi, R.; Ferreira, V. S.; Burgos, L. Flores; Forati, E.; Fowler, A. G.; Foxen, B.; Garcia, G.; Genois, E.; Giang, W.; Gidney, C.; Gilboa, D.; Giustina, M.; Gosula, R.; Dau, A. Grajales; Gross, J. A.; Habegger, S.; Hamilton, M. C.; Hansen, M.; Harrigan, M. P.; Harrington, S. D.; Heu, P.; Hill, G.; Hoffmann, M. R.; Hong, S.; Huang, T.; Huff, A.; Huggins, W. J.; Ioffe, L. B.; Isakov, S. V.; Iveland, J.; Jeffrey, E.; Jiang, Z.; Jones, C.; Juhas, P.; Kafri, D.; Khattar, T.; Khezri, M.; Kieferova, M.; Kim, S.; Kitaev, A.; Klots, A. R.; Korotkov, A. N.; Kostritsa, F.; Kreikebaum, J. M.; Landhuis, D.; Laptev, P.; Lau, K. -M.; Laws, L.; Lee, J.; Lee, K. W.; Lensky, Y. D.; Lester, B. J.; Lill, A. T.; Liu, W.; Locharla, A.; Mandra, S.; Martin, O.; Martin, S.; McClean, J. R.; McEwen, M.; Meeks, S.; Miao, K. C.; Mieszala, A.; Montazeri, S.; Movassagh, R.; Mruczkiewicz, W.; Nersisyan, A.; Newman, M.; Ng, J. H.; Nguyen, A.; Nguyen, M.; Niu, M. Y.; O'Brien, T. E.; Omonije, S.; Opremcak, A.; Potter, R.; Pryadko, L. P.; Quintana, C.; Rhodes, D. M.; Rocque, C.; Rubin, N. C.; Saei, N.; Sank, D.; Sankaragomathi, K.; Satzinger, K. J.; Schurkus, H. F.; Schuster, C.; Shearn, M. J.; Shorter, A.; Shutty, N.; Shvarts, V.; Sivak, V.; Skruzny, J.; Smith, W. Clarke; Somma, R. D.; Sterling, G.; Strain, D.; Szalay, M.; Thor, D.; Torres, A.; Vidal, G.; Villalonga, B.; Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff; White, T.; Woo, B. W. K.; Xing, C.; Yao, Z. Jamie; Yeh, P.; Yoo, J.; Young, G.; Zalcman, A.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, N.; Zobrist, N.; Neven, H.; Babbush, R.; Bacon, D.; Boixo, S.; Hilton, J.; Lucero, E.; Megrant, A.; Kelly, J.; Chen, Y.; Smelyanskiy, V.; Khemani, V.; Gopalakrishnan, S.; Prosen, T.; Roushan, P.
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; Cornell University; Princeton University; Princeton University; Stanford University; University of Connecticut; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Auburn University System; Auburn University; University of Technology Sydney; University of California System; University of California Riverside; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of Ljubljana
摘要：Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain's center, P(M). The first tw...
作者：Gan, Xu-cheng; Zhang, Benxiang; Dao, Nathan; Bi, Cheng; Pokle, Maithili; Kan, Liyan; Collins, Michael R.; Tyrol, Chet C.; Bolduc, Philippe N.; Nicastri, Michael; Kawamata, Yu; Baran, Phil S.; Shenvi, Ryan
作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Peking University; Pfizer; Pfizer USA; Pfizer; Pfizer USA; Biogen
摘要：The synthesis of quaternary carbons often requires numerous steps and complex conditions or harsh reagents that act on heavily engineered substrates. This is largely a consequence of conventional polar-bond retrosynthetic disconnections that in turn require multiple functional group interconversions, redox manipulations, and protecting group chemistry. Here, we report a simple catalyst and reductant combination that converts two types of feedstock chemicals, carboxylic acids and olefins, into ...
作者：Bagley, Dustin C.; Russell, Tobias; Ortiz-Zapater, Elena; Stinson, Sally; Fox, Kristina; Redd, Polly F.; Joseph, Merry; Deering-Rice, Cassandra; Reilly, Christopher; Parsons, Maddy; Brightling, Christopher; Rosenblatt, Jody
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of Valencia; University of Leicester; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of London; King's College London
摘要：Asthma is deemed an inflammatory disease, yet the defining diagnostic feature is mechanical bronchoconstriction. We previously discovered a conserved process called cell extrusion that drives homeostatic epithelial cell death when cells become too crowded. In this work, we show that the pathological crowding of a bronchoconstrictive attack causes so much epithelial cell extrusion that it damages the airways, resulting in inflammation and mucus secretion in both mice and humans. Although relaxi...
