Joint environmental and social benefits from diversified agriculture

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Rasmussen, Laura Vang; Grass, Ingo; Mehrabi, Zia; Smith, Olivia M.; Bezner-Kerr, Rachel; Blesh, Jennifer; Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro; Isaac, Marney E.; Kennedy, Christina M.; Wittman, Hannah; Batary, Peter; Buchori, Damayanti; Cerda, Rolando; Chara, Julian; Crowder, David W.; Darras, Kevin; Demaster, Kathryn; Garcia, Karina; Gomez, Manuel; Gonthier, David; Hidayat, Purnama; Hipolito, Juliana; Hirons, Mark; Hoey, Lesli; James, Dana; John, Innocensia; Jones, Andrew D.; Karp, Daniel S.; Kebede, Yodit; Kerr, Carmen Bezner; Klassen, Susanna; Kotowska, Martyna; Kreft, Holger; Llanque, Ramiro; Levers, Christian; Lizcano, Diego J.; Lu, Adrian; Madsen, Sidney; Marques, Rosebelly Nunes; Martins, Pedro Buss; Melo, America; Nyantakyi-Frimpong, Hanson; Olimpi, Elissa M.; Owen, Jeb P.; Pantevez, Heiber; Qaim, Matin; Redlich, Sarah; Scherber, Christoph; Sciligo, Amber R.; Snapp, Sieglinde; Snyder, William E.; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf; Stratton, Anne Elise; Taylor, Joseph M.; Tscharntke, Teja; Valencia, Vivian; Vogel, Cassandra; Kremen, Claire
• 署名单位: University of Copenhagen; University Hohenheim; University Hohenheim; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Cornell University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of Toronto; Nature Conservancy; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research; Bogor Agricultural University; CATIE - Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza; Washington State University; INRAE; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Kentucky; Bogor Agricultural University; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Universidade Federal de Vicosa; Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; University of Oxford; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Dar es Salaam; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Davis; Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); INRAE; Universite de Montpellier; University of Toronto; University of Victoria; University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Johann Heinrich von Thunen Institute; Nature Conservancy; Universidade de Sao Paulo; University of Denver; University of Bonn; University of Wurzburg; Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK); University of Bonn; CGIAR; International Maize & Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT); University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University Hohenheim; University of Gottingen; Wageningen University & Research; Bishops University; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; University of British Columbia
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-13075
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adj1914
• 发表日期: 2024-04-05
• 页码: 87-93
• 关键词: trade-offs; biodiversity; systems; food; revolution; CONSERVATION; agroforestry; nutrition; poverty; coffee

摘要

Agricultural simplification continues to expand at the expense of more diverse forms of agriculture. This simplification, for example, in the form of intensively managed monocultures, poses a risk to keeping the world within safe and just Earth system boundaries. Here, we estimated how agricultural diversification simultaneously affects social and environmental outcomes. Drawing from 24 studies in 11 countries across 2655 farms, we show how five diversification strategies focusing on livestock, crops, soils, noncrop plantings, and water conservation benefit social (e.g., human well-being, yields, and food security) and environmental (e.g., biodiversity, ecosystem services, and reduced environmental externalities) outcomes. We found that applying multiple diversification strategies creates more positive outcomes than individual management strategies alone. To realize these benefits, well-designed policies are needed to incentivize the adoption of multiple diversification strategies in unison.