6708期

最新文章

• A Cambrian spiny stem mollusk and the deep homology of lophotrochozoan scleritomes AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Guangxu; Parry, Luke A.; Vinther, Jakob; Ma, Xiaoya
  作者单位：Yunnan University; Yunnan University; University of Oxford; University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of Exeter
  摘要：Mollusks encompass enormous disparity, including familiar clams and snails alongside less familiar aculiferans (chitons and vermiform aplacophorans) with complex multicomponent skeletons. Paleozoic fossils trace crown mollusks to forms exhibiting a combination of biomineralized shells and sclerites (e.g., scales, spines, and spicules). We describe a shell-less, Cambrian stem mollusk, Shishania aculeata gen. et sp. nov., with conical, hollow chitinous sclerites and a smooth girdle, broad foot, ...
• Ecological roles and importance of sharks in the Anthropocene Ocean AI翻译
  作者：Dedman, Simon; Moxley, Jerry H.; Papastamatiou, Yannis P.; Braccini, Matias; Caselle, Jennifer E.; Chapman, Demian D.; Cinner, Joshua Eli; Dillon, Erin M.; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Dunn, Ruth Elizabeth; Espinoza, Mario; Harborne, Alastair R.; Harvey, Euan S.; Heupel, Michelle R.; Huveneers, Charlie; Graham, Nicholas A. J.; Ketchum, James T.; Klinard, Natalie V.; Kock, Alison A.; Lowe, Christopher G.; MacNeil, M. Aaron; Madin, Elizabeth M. P.; McCauley, Douglas J.; Meekan, Mark G.; Meier, Amelia C.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Tinker, M. Tim; Winton, Megan; Wirsing, Aaron J.; Heithaus, Michael R.
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University; Western Australian Fisheries & Marine Research Laboratories; Department of Primary Industries & Regional Development NSW; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Mote Marine Laboratory & Aquarium; University of Sydney; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Simon Fraser University; Lancaster University; Heriot Watt University; Universidad Costa Rica; Universidad Costa Rica; Curtin University; University of Tasmania; Australian Institute of Marine Science; Integrated Marine Observing System; University of Tasmania; Flinders University South Australia; CIBNOR - Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste; Dalhousie University; National Research Foundation - South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity; California State University System; California State University Long Beach; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; Australian Institute of Marine Science; University of Western Australia; James Cook University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：In ecosystems, sharks can be predators, competitors, facilitators, nutrient transporters, and food. However, overfishing and other threats have greatly reduced shark populations, altering their roles and effects on ecosystems. We review these changes and implications for ecosystem function and management. Macropredatory sharks are often disproportionately affected by humans but can influence prey and coastal ecosystems, including facilitating carbon sequestration. Like terrestrial predators, s...
• Foreign threat network launched AI翻译
  作者：Enserink, Martin
• Advancing cardiovascular neuromodulation: Aortic baroreceptor afferents act as targets for blood pressure control in hypertension AI翻译
  作者：Salman, Ibrahim M.
  作者单位：Alfaisal University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
• Modeling late-onset Alzheimer's disease neuropathology via direct neuronal reprogramming AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Zhao; Kwon, Ji-Sun; Ren, Yudong; Chen, Shawei; Walker, Courtney K.; Lu, Xinguo; Cates, Kitra; Karahan, Hande; Sviben, Sanja; Fitzpatrick, James A. J.; Valdez, Clarissa; Houlden, Henry; Karch, Celeste M.; Bateman, Randall J.; Sato, Chihiro; Mennerick, Steven J.; Diamond, Marc I.; Kim, Jungsu; Tanzi, Rudolph E.; Holtzman, David M.; Yoo, Andrew S.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Washington University (WUSTL); University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of London; University College London; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
  摘要：Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, modeling sporadic LOAD that endogenously captures hallmark neuronal pathologies such as amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition, tau tangles, and neuronal loss remains an unmet need. We demonstrate that neurons generated by microRNA (miRNA)-based direct reprogramming of fibroblasts from individuals affected by autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and LOAD in a three-dimensional environment effectively recapitu...
• Meet the Neighbors: Animal Minds and Life in a More-Than-Human World AI翻译
  作者：King, Barbara J.
• Mexico must save the vaquita from gill nets AI翻译
  作者：Rojas-Bracho, Lorenzo; Taylor, Barbara L.; Reeves, Randall R.; Read, Andrew; Barlow, Jay; Donovan, Greg; Thomas, Peter O.; Gulland, Frances; Mesnick, Sarah L.; Brownell, Robert L.; Henry, Annette; Urban, Jorge; Gerrodette, Tim
  作者单位：Duke University; Oregon State University; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Universidad Autonoma de Baja California
• Mapping gut feelings and immune control AI翻译
  作者：Vergnolle, Nathalie
  作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); INRAE; Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse
  摘要：A chemogenetic screen reveals links between nociceptors and gut immune function
• Lessons from ancient pathogens AI翻译
  作者：Zuckerman, Molly K.; Hofman, Courtney A.
  作者单位：Mississippi State University; Mississippi State University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman
  摘要：The skeletons of deceased humans as well as their substrates, such as preserved dental plaque (dental calculus), and biomolecules, such as DNA, represent an archive of many otherwise invisible aspects of the past. In particular, molecular studies of skeletal individuals capture interactions between human hosts, environments, animals, plants, and pathogens (HEAPP) ( 1 , 2 ). When the tools of paleogenomics, such as ancient DNA (aDNA) analyses, are combined with broad collaborations and perspect...
• PhAI: A deep-learning approach to solve the crystallographic phase problem AI翻译
  作者：Larsen, Anders S.; Rekis, Toms; Madsen, Anders O.
  作者单位：University of Copenhagen
  摘要：X-ray crystallography provides a distinctive view on the three-dimensional structure of crystals. To reconstruct the electron density map, the complex structure factors F = |F|exp(i phi) of a sufficiently large number of diffracted reflections must be known. In a conventional experiment, only the amplitudes F are obtained, and the phases phi are lost. This is the crystallographic phase problem. In this work, we show that a neural network, trained on millions of artificial structure data, can s...