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作者：Prancevic, Jeff P.; Seybold, Hansjoerg; Kirchner, James W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research
摘要：The aggregate length of flowing streams in a drainage network lengthens and shortens as landscapes become wetter and drier. However, direct measurements of stream network variability have been limited to a handful of small drainage basins. We estimated the variability of stream network length for 14,765 gauged basins across the contiguous United States using measured streamflow distributions and topography-based estimates of how sensitive each stream network is to changing landscape wetness (t...
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作者：Khasawneh, Hussam J.; Hussein, Hussam
作者单位：University of Jordan; University of Oxford
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作者：Shi, Wenjuan; Shen, Tonghao; Xing, Chengkun; Sun, Kai; Yan, Qisheng; Niu, Wenzhe; Yang, Xiao; Li, Jingjing; Wei, Chenyang; Wang, Ruijie; Fu, Shuqing; Yang, Yong; Xue, Liangyao; Chen, Junfeng; Cui, Shiwen; Hu, Xiaoyue; Xie, Ke; Xu, Xin; Duan, Sai; Xu, Yifei; Zhang, Bo
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Northwestern University; Hefei National Laboratory
摘要：The future deployment of terawatt-scale proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) technology necessitates development of an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst with low cost and long lifetime. Currently, the stability of the most active iridium (Ir) catalysts is impaired by dissolution, redeposition, detachment, and agglomeration of Ir species. Here we present a ripening-induced embedding strategy that securely embeds the Ir catalyst in a cerium oxide support. Cryogenic electron tomo...
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作者：Du, Siyuan; Kretsch, Rachael C.; Parres-Gold, Jacob; Pieri, Elisa; Cruzeiro, Vinicius Wilian D.; Zhu, Mingning; Pinney, Margaux M.; Yabukarski, Filip; Schwans, Jason P.; Martinez, Todd J.; Herschlag, Daniel
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University; Stanford University; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Bristol-Myers Squibb; California State University System; California State University Long Beach
摘要：Enzymes exist in ensembles of states that encode the energetics underlying their catalysis. Conformational ensembles built from 1231 structures of 17 serine proteases revealed atomic-level changes across their reaction states. By comparing the enzymatic and solution reaction, we identified molecular features that provide catalysis and quantified their energetic contributions to catalysis. Serine proteases precisely position their reactants in destabilized conformers, creating a downhill energe...
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作者：Beltran, Roxanne S.; Payne, Allison R.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Hale, Conner M.; Reed, Madison; Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Jouma'a, Joffrey; Robinson, Patrick W.; Houle, Emma; Matern, Wade; Sabah, Alea; Lewis, Kathryn; Sebandal, Samantha; Coughlin, Allison; Heredia, Natalia Valdes; Penny, Francesca; Dalrymple, Sophie Rose; Penny, Heather; Sherrier, Meghan; Peterson, Ben; Reiter, Joanne; Le Boeuf, Burney J.; Costa, Daniel P.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：The open ocean twilight zone holds most of the global fish biomass but is poorly understood owing to difficulties of measuring subsurface ecosystem processes at scale. We demonstrate that a wide-ranging carnivore-the northern elephant seal-can serve as an ecosystem sentinel for the twilight zone. We link ocean basin-scale foraging success with oceanographic indices to estimate twilight zone fish abundance five decades into the past, and into the future. We discovered that a small variation in ...
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Offord, Catherine; Cohen, Jon; Enserink, Martin
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作者：Mistry, Ayush
作者单位：Saint Louis University
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作者：Shen, Jie; Aljarb, Areej; Cai, Yichen; Liu, Xing; Min, Jiacheng; Wang, Yingge; Wang, Qingxiao; Zhang, Chenhui; Chen, Cailing; Hakami, Mariam; Fu, Jui-Han; Zhang, Hui; Li, Guanxing; Wang, Xiaoqian; Chen, Zhuo; Li, Jiaqiang; Dong, Xinglong; Shih, Kaimin; Huang, Kuo-Wei; Tung, Vincent; Shi, Guosheng; Pinnau, Ingo; Li, Lain-Jong; Han, Yu
作者单位：King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Nanyang Technological University; King Abdulaziz University; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Tech University; Shanghai University; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; University of Tokyo; South China University of Technology; South China University of Technology; Saudi Aramco; Chang Gung University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; National University of Singapore; South China University of Technology
摘要：Two-dimensional (2D) materials have long been considered as ideal platforms for developing separation membranes. However, it is difficult to generate uniform subnanometer pores over large areas on 2D materials. We report that the well-defined eight-membered ring (8-MR) pores, typically formed at the boundaries of two antiparallel grains of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), can serve as molecular sieves for efficient water-ion separation. The density of grain boundaries and, consequently, ...
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作者：Hecker, Nikolai; Kempynck, Niklas; Mauduit, David; Abaffyova, Darina; Vandepoel, Roel; Dieltiens, Sam; Borm, Lars; Sarropoulos, Ioannis; Gonzalez-Blas, Carmen Bravo; De Man, Julie; Davie, Kristofer; Leysen, Elke; Vandensteen, Jeroen; Moors, Rani; Hulselmans, Gert; Lim, Lynette; De Wit, Joris; Christiaens, Valerie; Poovathingal, Suresh; Aerts, Stein
作者单位：Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); KU Leuven; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; KU Leuven
摘要：Combinations of transcription factors govern the identity of cell types, which is reflected by genomic enhancer codes. We used deep learning to characterize these enhancer codes and devised three metrics to compare cell types in the telencephalon across amniotes. To this end, we generated single-cell multiome and spatially resolved transcriptomics data of the chicken telencephalon. Enhancer codes of orthologous nonneuronal and gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated (GABAergic) cell types show a high...
