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作者：Vogl, Lilian M.; Chen, Shunda; Schweizer, Peter; Jin, Xiaochen; Yu, Shui-Qing; Liu, Jifeng; Li, Tianshu; Minor, Andrew M.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; George Washington University; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Dartmouth College
摘要：Chemical short-range ordering is expected to be a key factor for tuning the electronic structure of semiconductors. However, experimental evidence of short-range ordering is still lacking due to the challenge of characterizing atomic-scale ordering motifs. Here, we determined the presence of short-range order in a ternary GeSiSn semiconductor system using advanced energy-filtered four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy and large-scale atomistic models generated by a machine ...
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作者：Panchal, Aanchal; Sen, Ruchira; Agarwal, Renuka; Rana, Anjali; Raychoudhury, Rhitoban
作者单位：Indian Institute of Science Education & Research (IISER) - Mohali; Ashoka University
摘要：The symbiotic agriculture of fungus-farming termites can collapse if they fail to prevent invading weeds. Previous studies suggest a role for symbiotic fungistatic microbes in bringing about weed control. However, how termites employ these microbes to suppress fungal weeds without affecting the fungal cultivar remains unknown. We show that the fungus-farming termite Odontotermes obesus uses specific behaviors to remove, isolate, and suppress the growth of the fungal weed Pseudoxylaria, primari...
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作者：Appenzeller, Tim
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作者：Feng, Xiaobo; Yin, Qiyu; Gao, Feng; Lu, Dan; Fang, Qin; Feng, Yilu; Huang, Xuchu; Tan, Chen; Zhou, Hanwen; Li, Qiang; Zhang, Chi; Stringer, Chris; Ni, Xijun
作者单位：Shanxi University; Hubei Polytechnic University; Hanjiang Normal University; Hanjiang Normal University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, CAS; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; China University of Geosciences; Natural History Museum London; Fudan University
摘要：Diverse forms of Homo coexisted during the Middle Pleistocene. Whether these fossil humans represent different species or clades is debated. The similar to 1-million-year-old Yunxian 2 fossil from China is important for understanding the cladogenesis of Homo and the origin of Homo sapiens. In this study, we restored and reconstructed the distorted Yunxian 2 cranium using recently introduced technology. The results show that this cranium displays mosaic primitive and derived features. Morphomet...
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作者：Holley, Elizabeth A.; Hadden, Karlie M.; Hammerling, Dorit; Eggert, Rod; Spiller, D. Erik; Nelson, Priscilla P.
作者单位：Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines
摘要：The United States (US) has sufficient geological endowment in active metal mines to reduce the nation's dependence on critical mineral imports. Demand is increasing for cobalt, nickel, rare earth elements, tellurium, germanium, and other materials used in energy production, semiconductors, and defense. This study uses a statistical evaluation of new geochemical datasets to quantify the critical minerals that are mined annually in US ores but go unrecovered. Ninety percent recovery of by-produc...
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作者：Goes, Aryel C.; Adams, Rachelle M. M.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
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作者：Richter, Hannah
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作者：Zhang, Chen; Zhou, Jun; Xie, Pei-Pei; Rivera, Silvia M.; Alturaifi, Turki M.; Finnigan, James; Charnock, Simon; Liu, Peng; Yang, Yang
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：Enzymatic multicomponent carbon-carbon (C-C) bond-forming reactions for diversity-oriented synthesis remain rare. Using cooperative photobiocatalysis, we developed a stereoselective three-component radical-mediated C-C coupling previously unknown in both organic chemistry and biochemistry. Directed evolution of repurposed pyridoxal decarboxylases enabled full fragment variability in this three-component coupling, giving rise to six classes of valuable products, many of which were inaccessible ...
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作者：Shao, Changwei; Hao, Yajing; Jiang, Li; Wang, Dong; Wang, Rui; Li, Yuanjun; Wang, Hui; Ge, Yaping; Bai, Rui; Du, Xiangjuan; Chen, Xizi; Wu, Tan; Gou, Lan-Tao; Wan, Ruixue; Xu, Yanhui; Ji, Xiong; Fu, Xiang-Dong
作者单位：Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Westlake University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Beijing Institute of Genomics, CAS; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Peking University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, CAS
摘要：Distinguishing functional splice sites from abundant cryptic sites in precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) represents a fundamental challenge in decoding mammalian genomes. We demonstrate that the specific RNA polymerase II (Pol II) subunit RPB9 directly interacts with the 3 ' AG dinucleotide binding factor U2AF1 to initiate 3 ' splice site recognition. Combined with recent structural insights into Pol II-mediated 5 ' splice site selection, these findings support a cotranscriptional mechanism ...
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作者：Hulse, Dominik; Ridgwell, Andy
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of Bremen
摘要：Negative feedback between climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), mediated by the weathering of silicate minerals on land, is thought to provide the primary regulation of Earth's climate on geological timescales. By contrast, we found that faster feedbacks involving organic matter are not only critical to Earth system recovery but can also create unexpected instability. Our Earth system model experiments show how sedimentary organic carbon burial, amplified by redox-sensitive phosphorus ...
