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作者：Molodecky, Natalia A.; Sutter, Roland W.
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作者：Wen, Feng; Guo, Jinyue; Li, Yong; Yu, Hai; Zhang, Keshan; Ren, Tao; Huang, Shujian
作者单位：Foshan University; Jiangxi Agricultural University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; South China Agricultural University
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作者：Hill, Jennifer Hampton; Bell, Rickesha; Barrios, Logan; Baird, Halli; Ost, Kyla; Greenewood, Morgan; Monts, Josh K.; Tracy, Erin; Meili, Casey H.; Chiaro, Tyson R.; Weis, Allison M.; Guillemin, Karen; Beaudin, Anna E.; Murtaugh, L. Charles; Stephens, W. Zac; Round, June L.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Oregon; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Loss of early-life microbial diversity is correlated with diabetes, yet mechanisms by which microbes influence disease remain elusive. We report a critical neonatal window in mice when microbiota disruption results in lifelong metabolic consequences stemming from reduced beta cell development. We show evidence for the existence of a similar program in humans and identify specific fungi and bacteria that are sufficient for beta cell growth. The microbiota also plays an important role in seeding...
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作者：Ramirez-Barahona, Santiago; Cuervo-Robayo, Angela P.; Feeley, Kenneth J.; Ortiz-Rodriguez, Andres Ernesto; Vasquez-Aguilar, Antonio Acini; Francisco Ornelas, Juan; Rodriguez-Correa, Hernando
作者单位：Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Miami; Instituto de Ecologia - Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
摘要：Global change drives biodiversity shifts worldwide, but these shifts are poorly understood in highly diverse tropical regions. In tropical mountains, plants are mostly expected to migrate upslope in response to warming. To assess this, we analyze shifts in elevation ranges of species in Mesoamerican cloud forests using three decades of species' occurrence records. Our findings reveal a mean upslope shift of 1.8 to 2.7 meters per year since 1979 driven by the upslope retreat of the less thermop...
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作者：Cope, Alexander L.; Schraiber, Joshua G.; Pennell, Matt
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Biomedical & Health Sciences; University of Southern California; Cornell University
摘要：The regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein abundances is well-studied, but less is known about the evolutionary processes shaping their relationship. To address this, we derived a new phylogenetic model and applied it to multispecies mammalian data. Our analyses reveal (i) strong stabilizing selection on protein abundances over macroevolutionary time, (ii) mutations affecting mRNA abundances minimally impact protein abundances, (iii) mRNA abundances evolve under selection to align with...
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作者：Curry, Andrew
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作者：Zhang, Mengmeng; Fang, Shaoli; Cai, Wenting; Huynh, Chi; Goektepe, Fatma; Oh, Jiyoung; Wang, Zhong; Ekanayake, Ishara; Goektepe, Ozer; Baughman, Ray H.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Texas State University System; Texas State University San Marcos; Namik Kemal University
摘要：Methods for making high-spring-index polymer fiber or yarn muscles have required expensive fabrication by wrapping around a mandrel, which limits their practical applications. We demonstrate an inexpensive mandrel-free method for making polymer muscles that can have a spring index of >50 and a contractile tensile stroke exceeding 97%. This method enables the spring index to be varied along a muscle's length by varying the plying twist, resulting in muscles that transition between homochiral an...
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作者：Kimura, Kensuke; Tamaki, Ryo; Lee, Minhui; Ouyang, Xingmei; Kusaba, Satoshi; Jaculbia, Rafael B.; Kawada, Yoichi; Jung, Jaehoon; Muranaka, Atsuya; Imada, Hiroshi; Katayama, Ikufumi; Takeda, Jun; Kim, Yousoo
作者单位：RIKEN; Yokohama National University; University of Tokyo; RIKEN; RIKEN; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Hamamatsu Photonics; University of Ulsan; Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST); Yokohama National University
摘要：The ultrafast manipulation of molecular states by charge transfer is essential for characterizing and controlling molecular dynamics. In this study, we demonstrated exciton formation in a single molecule through ultrafast electron tunneling processes between a molecule and a metal tip of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) using a phase-controlled terahertz (THz) pulse. The pronounced luminescence of the well-defined molecular system under the distinct carrier-envelope phase of the THz pulse...
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作者：Sarfatis, A.
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作者：Maule, C. F.
