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作者：Bell, Elizabeth; Jilke, Sebastian
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Georgetown University
摘要：Administrative burden represents political choices embedded in policy design that affect how people perceive and experience government. While policymakers frequently invoke fraud prevention to justify imposing burdens in welfare programs, this rhetoric embodies an unacknowledged normative judgment about the relative costs of fraud and abuse versus program exclusion for eligible beneficiaries. This study quantifies this access-fraud trade-off in means-tested social welfare programs through a co...
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作者：Muniz-Fernandez, Alvaro
作者单位：University of Oviedo
摘要：Despite governments' efforts to raise fertility through family-support policies, birth rates continue to decline in high- and middle-income countries. Some policies designed for other purposes, however, may function as implicit childcare subsidies. This article examines the impact of reducing such support on fertility by exploiting a large-scale reform in Spain that shortened the elementary school day, shifting from full-day to morning-only sessions. Using provincial-level data from 1981 to 20...
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作者：Blazar, David; Gao, Wenjing; Gershenson, Seth; Goings, Ramon; Lagos, Francisco
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; American University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：Recruiting teachers via grow-your-own (GYO) programs is a popular, yet rarely evaluated, strategy for addressing local workforce shortages and ensuring that incoming teachers resemble, understand, and have strong connections to their communities. We provide novel evidence on the impacts of one such GYO program by exploiting the staggered rollout of the Teacher Academy of Maryland (TAM) Career and Technical Education (CTE) program across public high schools. Exposed students were more likely to...
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作者：Harris, Douglas N.
作者单位：Tulane University
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作者：Farrow, Scott; Doeringer, Peter B.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Boston University
摘要：This study uses a novel framework based on the negotiated staffing equilibrium between governmental agencies and governing bodies to estimate the net benefits of increasing employment in public sector occupations that experience chronic labor shortages. The marginal values of these labor inputs, as perceived by the parties during budget negotiations, are inferred from information on the cost and productivity of labor in short supply compared to those values at the funded equilibrium employment...
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作者：Ferrazares, Toshio; Sabia, Joseph J.; Anderson, D. Mark
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); California State University System; San Diego State University; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：Gun buyback programs (GBPs), which use public funds to purchase civilians' privately-owned firearms, aim to reduce gun violence. However, next to nothing is known about their effects on firearm-related crime or deaths. Using data from the National Incident Based Reporting System, we find no evidence that GBPs reduce gun crime. Given our estimated null findings, with 95% confidence, we can rule out decreases in firearm-related crime of greater than 1.2% during the year following a buyback. Usin...
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作者：Hatsor, Limor; Shurtz, Ity
作者单位：Jerusalem College of Technology; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：We use a baby formula food scare in Israel in 2003 as a plausible natural experiment to study the causal relationship between breastfeeding and mothers' return to work after childbirth. Analysis of administrative data covering the universe of births in the country shows that first-time mothers who gave birth shortly after the scare delayed their return to work. Their average months worked in the first 6 months after childbirth fell by about 11% relative to their counterparts in the previous ye...
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作者：Watson, Tara
作者单位：Brookings Institution
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作者：Ellen, Ingrid Gould
作者单位：New York University
摘要：In their early years, schools of public policy focused on federal policies and programs, as did APPAM and its journal, the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. While this federal bias has diminished over time, it hasn't entirely gone away. This essay makes the case for more attention to local government policies and programs. It argues that studying local government policies and management can deliver unique value. First local governments perform essential, and salient functions that sha...
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作者：Michelmore, Katherine; Akee, Randall
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
