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作者:[Anonymous]
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作者:Cancian, Maria
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作者:Baron, E. Jason; Doyle Jr, Joseph J.; Emanuel, Natalia; Hull, Peter
作者单位:Duke University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Brown University
摘要:Black children in the U.S. are twice as likely as white children to spend time in foster care. Such racial disparities raise concerns of discrimination, but might also reflect differences in the underlying need for intervention. This paper estimates unwarranted disparities (UDs)-racial differences in placement rates for children with the same potential for future maltreatment-in national data. We use non-parametric bounds on the potential for future maltreatment that rely on weak and transpare...
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作者:Nadal-Fernandez, Josep M.; Pepin, Gabrielle; Schrader, Kane
作者单位:Michigan State University; W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
摘要:Work requirements are perhaps the most controversial aspect of the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, America's sole federal cash assistance program for low-income families with children. In 2025, for the first time in nearly 20 years, the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (FRA) will implement policy changes intended to strengthen states' work requirements. However, researchers' and policymakers' understanding of how FRA will impact states' compliance with federal requirem...
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作者:Levinson, Arik
作者单位:Georgetown University
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作者:Peck, L. R.
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作者:Sarin, Natasha
作者单位:Yale University; Yale University
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作者:[Anonymous]
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作者:Parolin, Zachary
作者单位:Bocconi University
摘要:The federal expansion of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) in 2021 contributed to a record low child poverty rate for the United States; however, the expansion expired after 1 year and Congress is unlikely to reinstate the expansion in the near future. State governments are increasingly interested in implementing their own fully-refundable CTCs, yet face strict budgetary constraints relative to the federal government. This policy report proposes a state-level, fully-refundable CTC that is affordable,...
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作者:Klein, Aaron; Schardin, Justin
作者单位:Brookings Institution