8079期

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• REPEATED HEATWAVES CAN AGE YOU AS MUCH AS SMOKING OR DRINKING AI翻译
  作者：Kreier, Freda
• Training of physical neural networks AI翻译
  作者：Momeni, Ali; Rahmani, Babak; Scellier, Benjamin; Wright, Logan G.; Mcmahon, Peter L.; Wanjura, Clara C.; Li, Yuhang; Skalli, Anas; Berloff, Natalia G.; Onodera, Tatsuhiro; Oguz, Ilker; Morichetti, Francesco; del Hougne, Philipp; Le Gallo, Manuel; Sebastian, Abu; Mirhoseini, Azalia; Zhang, Cheng; Markovic, Danijela; Brunner, Daniel; Moser, Christophe; Gigan, Sylvain; Marquardt, Florian; Ozcan, Aydogan; Grollier, Julie; Liu, Andrea J.; Psaltis, Demetri; Alu, Andrea; Fleury, Romain
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Microsoft; Microsoft United Kingdom; Yale University; Cornell University; Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Universite Marie et Louis Pasteur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); University of Cambridge; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Polytechnic University of Milan; Universite de Rennes; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); Stanford University; Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind; Universite Paris Saclay; Thales Group; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Polytechnique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Universite PSL; Sorbonne Universite; College de France; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Thales Group; Universite Paris Saclay; Ecole Polytechnique; University of Pennsylvania; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System
  摘要：Physical neural networks (PNNs) are a class of neural-like networks that make use of analogue physical systems to perform computations. Although at present confined to small-scale laboratory demonstrations, PNNs could one day transform how artificial intelligence (AI) calculations are performed. Could we train AI models many orders of magnitude larger than present ones? Could we perform model inference locally and privately on edge devices? Research over the past few years has shown that the a...
• Gut bacteria make a molecule that promotes plaque build-up in arteries AI翻译
  作者：Rey, Federico; Vemuganti, Vaibhav
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
• Engrafted nitrergic neurons derived from hPSCs improve gut dysmotility in mice AI翻译
  作者：Majd, Homa; Samuel, Ryan M.; Cesiulis, Andrius; Ramirez, Jonathan T.; Kalantari, Ali; Barber, Kevin; Farahvashi, Sina; Ghazizadeh, Zaniar; Majd, Alireza; Chemel, Angeline K.; Richter, Mikayla N.; Das, Subhamoy; Bendrick, Jacqueline L.; Keefe, Matthew G.; Wang, Jeffrey; Shiv, Rahul K.; Bhat, Samyukta; Khoroshkin, Matvei; Yu, Johnny; Nowakowski, Tomasz J.; Wen, Kwun Wah; Goodarzi, Hani; Thapar, Nikhil; Kaltschmidt, Julia A.; Mccann, Conor J.; Fattahi, Faranak
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of London; University College London; Childrens Health Queensland Hospital & Health Service; Queensland Childrens Hospital; University of Queensland; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
  摘要：Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders represent a major medical challenge, with few effective therapies available. These disorders often result from dysfunction of inhibitory nitric oxide (NO)-producing motor neurons in the enteric nervous system, which are essential for regulating gut motility. Loss or dysfunction of NO neurons is linked to severe conditions, including achalasia, gastroparesis, intestinal pseudo-obstruction and chronic constipation1,2. Here we introduce a platform based on...
• Brain-wide representations of prior information in mouse decision-making AI翻译
  作者：Findling, Charles; Hubert, Felix; Acerbi, Luigi; Benson, Brandon; Benson, Julius; Birman, Daniel; Bonacchi, Niccolo; Buchanan, E. Kelly; Bruijns, Sebastian; Carandini, Matteo; Catarino, Joana A.; Chapuis, Gaelle A.; Churchland, Anne K.; Dan, Yang; Davatolhagh, Felicia; Dewitt, Eric E. J.; Engel, Tatiana A.; Fabbri, Michele; Faulkner, Mayo A.; Fiete, Ila Rani; Freitas-Silva, Laura; Gercek, Berk; Harris, Kenneth D.; Hausser, Michael; Hofer, Sonja B.; Hu, Fei; Huntenburg, Julia M.; Khanal, Anup; Krasniak, Chris; Langdon, Christopher; Langfield, Christopher A.; Latham, Peter E.; Lau, Petrina Y. P.; Mainen, Zach; Meijer, Guido T.; Miska, Nathaniel J.; Mrsic-Flogel, Thomas D.; Noel, Jean-Paul; Nylund, Kai; Pan-Vazquez, Alejandro; Paninski, Liam; Pillow, Jonathan; Rossant, Cyrille; Roth, Noam; Schaeffer, Rylan; Schartner, Michael; Shi, Yanliang; Socha, Karolina Z.; Steinmetz, Nicholas A.; Svoboda, Karel; Tessereau, Charline; Urai, Anne E.; Wells, Miles J.; West, Steven Jon; Whiteway, Matthew R.; Winter, Olivier; Witten, Ilana B.; Zador, Anthony; Zhang, Yizi; Dayan, Peter; Pouget, Alexandre
  作者单位：University of Geneva; University of Helsinki; Stanford University; New York University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Instituto Universitario de Lisboa; Max Planck Society; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University of London; University College London; Fundacao Champalimaud; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Princeton University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Hong Kong; University of London; University College London; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Columbia University; University of London; University College London; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University
  摘要：The neural representations of prior information about the state of the world are poorly understood1. Here, to investigate them, we examined brain-wide Neuropixels recordings and widefield calcium imaging collected by the International Brain Laboratory. Mice were trained to indicate the location of a visual grating stimulus, which appeared on the left or right with a prior probability alternating between 0.2 and 0.8 in blocks of variable length. We found that mice estimate this prior probabilit...
• Marsquakes indicate that the inner core of the red planet is solid, not liquid AI翻译
  作者：Schmerr, Nicholas C.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
• Missing steps uncovered in a pathway plants use to produce the defence molecule salicylic acid AI翻译
  作者：Hyun, Jiyeon; Yoo, Heejin
  作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
• Imidazole propionate is a driver and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis AI翻译
  作者：Mastrangelo, Annalaura; Robles-Vera, Inaki; Mananes, Diego; Galan, Miguel; Femenia-Muina, Marcos; Redondo-Urzainqui, Ana; Barrero-Rodriguez, Rafael; Papaioannou, Eleftheria; Amores-Iniesta, Joaquin; Devesa, Ana; Lobo-Gonzalez, Manuel; Carreras, Alba; Beck, Katharina R.; Ivarsson, Sophie; Gummesson, Anders; Georgiopoulos, Georgios; Rodrigo-Tapias, Manuel; Martinez-Cano, Sarai; Fernandez-Lopez, Ivan; Nunez, Vanessa; Ferrarini, Alessia; Inohara, Naohiro; Stamatelopoulos, Kimon; Benguria, Alberto; Cibrian, Danay; Sanchez-Madrid, Francisco; Alonso-Herranz, Vanesa; Dopazo, Ana; Barbas, Coral; Vazquez, Jesus; Lopez, Juan Antonio; Gonzalez-Martin, Alicia; Nunez, Gabriel; Stellos, Konstantinos; Bergstrom, Goran; Backhed, Fredrik; Fuster, Valentin; Ibanez, Borja; Sancho, David
  作者单位：Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC); Autonomous University of Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Autonomous University of Madrid; Autonomous University of Madrid; Hospital Universitario La Paz; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBERCV; University of Gothenburg; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; National & Kapodistrian University of Athens; University of London; King's College London; University of Patras; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Hospital de La Princesa; San Pablo CEU University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Osaka; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Technical University of Denmark; Technical University of Denmark; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
  摘要：Atherosclerosis is the main underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases. Its prevention is based on the detection and treatment of traditional cardiovascular risk factors1. However, individuals at risk for early vascular disease often remain unidentified2. Recent research has identified new molecules in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis3, highlighting the need for alternative disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve early diagnosis and therapy efficacy. Here, we observed that...
• Do social-media bans benefit young people? These data could offer clues AI翻译
  作者：Christensen, Helen; MackInnon, Andrew
  作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; Black Dog Institute
• Immunotherapy using CAR T cells shows promising long-term outcomes for people with the blood cancer myeloma AI翻译
  作者：Bird, Sarah; Pawlyn, Charlotte
  作者单位：Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; University of London; Institute of Cancer Research - UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust