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作者：Mackay, Jane M.; Elam, Joyce J.
作者单位：Texas Christian University; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：This paper reports the results of a study that examined the way that professionals used a particular decision aid, spreadsheet software, to address a business -oriented task. The professionals were divided into four groups, depending on whether they were experts or novices in the functional area of business represented by the task and on whether they were experts or novices in the use of spreadsheet software. The physical interactions as well as the thought processes underlying these interacti...
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作者：Deng, Pi-Sheng; Chaudhury, Abhijit
作者单位：California State University System; California State University Stanislaus; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston
摘要：The ability to learn or adapt is widely recognized as one of the most prominent abilities of any animate or inanimate intelligent system. While considerable progress has been made in the science and technology of machine learning, little of that has been incorporated in traditional knowledge-based systems such as diagnostic or expert systems operating in a managerial environment. In this paper a conceptual model of an adaptive expert system is proposed as an attempt to lay a foundation for bui...
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作者：Loh, Lawrence; Venkatraman, N.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The governance of an organizational information technology (IT) infrastructure is steadily shifting away from pure hierarchical and market mechanisms toward hybrid and partnership modes that involve external vendors. In particular, IT outsourcing has recently emerged as a significant administrative innovation in an organization's IT strategy. This paper seeks to explore the sources of influence in the adoption of this innovation. For this purpose, we generated a comprehensive sample of outsour...
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作者：Morris, Andrew H.; Kasper, George M.; Adams, Dennis A.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：The optimal amount of information needed in a given decision-making situation lies somewhere along a continuum from not enough to too much. Ackoff proposed that information systems often hinder the decision-making process by creating information overload. To deal with this problem, he called for systems that could filter and condense data so that only relevant information reached the decision maker. The potential for information overload is especially critical in text-based information. The pu...
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作者：Kottemann, Jeffrey E.; Dolk, Daniel R.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：Development of large-scale models often involves or, certainly could benefit from linking existing models. This process is termed model integration and involves two related aspects: (1) the coupling of model representations, and (2) the coupling of the processes for evaluating, or executing, instances of these representations. Given this distinction, we overview model integration capabilities in existing executable modeling languages, discuss current theoretical approaches to model integration...
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作者：McLeod, Poppy Lauretta; Liker, Jeffrey K.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：The research literature to date on electronic meeting systems (EMS) has been dominated by studies of high structure systems. High and low structure are defined here in terms of the preponderance of influence that technology and groups exert on each other. High structure EMS attempt to directly influence group structure and processes through explicit rules and procedures embedded in the software. Low structure EMS do not explicitly build in rules or procedures that govern group interaction. Low...
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作者：Sambamurthy, V.; Poole, Marshall Scott
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Group decision support systems have been advocated as mechanisms for facilitating conflict management in groups. Two noted shortcomings of research on GDSS effects motivate this study: (i) Most researchers have compared the effects of computer-based and manual delivery of structures for supporting group decision making. By treating the GDSS as a black box, researchers have neglected attention toward examining the effects of specific capabilities delivered by a GDSS. (ii) Despite the volume of ...
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作者：Weill, Peter
作者单位：University of Melbourne
摘要：Large amounts of resources have been and continue to be invested in information technology (IT). Much of this investment is made on the basis of faith that returns will occur. This study presents the results of an empirical test of the performance effects of IT investment in the manufacturing sector. Six years of historical data on IT investment and performance were collected for 33 valve manufacturing firms from the CEO, the controller and the production manager in each firm. Investment was p...
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作者：Suh, Kil Soo; Jenkins, A. Milton
作者单位：Yonsei University; University System of Maryland; University of Baltimore
摘要：This study compares a linear keyword language interface and a restricted natural language interface for data retrieval by a novice user. The comparison focuses on the effect of different data base interfaces on user performance (as measured by query correctness and query writing time) in a query writing task across varying query types and training levels. To accomplish this objective, a laboratory experiment was conducted using a split-plot factorial design using two between-subjects factors a...
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作者：Goldstein, Robert C.; Storey, Veda C.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Rochester
摘要：Is-a relationships are widely recognized as conveying important information for database design. Although these relationships are implicitly hierarchical in nature, it is not uncommon to find collections of is-a relationships that form nonhierarchical structures. This paper formally defines structures and classifies and interprets them. It illustrates how is-a structures can be used to identify possible database design errors or inefficiencies and to produce a database design that incorporates...
