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作者：Gowrisankaran, Gautam; Joiner, Keith; Leger, Pierre Thomas
作者单位：Columbia University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Arizona; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：We study healthcare operations of emergency departments (EDs) by examining the practice styles and skills of ED physicians. Our data include all residents of Montreal, Canada, with an initial ED visit in Montreal during a nine-month period. For each visit, our data record the initial treating hospital, ED physician, ED billed expenditures, and all interactions with the health system within the subsequent 90 days. Physicians in Montreal rotate across shifts between simple and difficult cases, i...
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作者：Alban, Andres; Chick, Stephen E.; Forster, Martin
作者单位：INSEAD Business School; University of Bologna; University of York - UK
摘要：Health systems are placing increasing emphasis on improving the design and operation of clinical trials with the aim of making the health technology adoption process more value-based. We present a model of a value-based, two-armed clinical trial in which both the recruitment rate and trial length are optimized. The model is value-based because it balances the cost of the trial with the expected benefit it generates for patients, valued by the relative health benefits and costs of the technolog...
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作者：Delana, Kraig; Deo, Sarang; Ramdas, Kamalini; Subburaman, Ganesh-Babu B.; Ravilla, Thulasiraj
作者单位：University of Oregon; Indian School of Business (ISB); University of London; London Business School
摘要：Telemedicine is increasingly used across the developing world to expand access to healthcare, to improve outcomes, and to reduce costs. One common model is that of telemedicine centers, which are small primary care facilities run by midlevel (nonphysician) providers who conduct a preliminary examination and then facilitate a telemedicine visit with a remote physician in real time. However, the impact of this channel of care delivery-particularly on existing physical healthcare-delivery channel...
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作者：Imhof, Lorens A.; Kraekel, Matthias
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：This paper analyzes how the degree of task-related team diversity influences the team outcome. The focus is on a novel benefit of team diversity that does not depend on complementary skills or mutual learning. We consider a multiagent setting where the employer makes use of career competition to motivate the team. Our analysis reveals incentive effects that do not exist in the well-studied case of teams of size 2. In teams with more than two members, diversity may have a positive effect on the...
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作者：Jin, Chen; Yang, Luyi; Zhu, Cungen
作者单位：National University of Singapore; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The right-to-repair (RTR) movement calls for government legislation that requires manufacturers to provide repair information, tools, and parts so that consumers can independently repair their own products with more ease. The initiative has gained global traction in recent years. Repair advocates argue that such legislation would break manufacturers' monopoly on the repair market and benefit consumers. They further contend that it would reduce the environmental impact by reducing e-waste and n...
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作者：Aldrich, Eric M.; Friedman, Daniel
作者单位：Amazon.com; University of Essex; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：Several financial exchanges (e.g., IEX and NYSE American) recently introduced messaging delays to protect ordinary investors from high-frequency traders who exploit stale orders. To capture the impact of such delays, we propose a simple parametric model of the continuous double auction market format. The model examines the dynamics of midpoint pegged order queues and finds their steady states. It shows how messaging delays can protect pegged orders and improve investor welfare, but typically i...
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作者：Benos, Evangelos; Huang, Wenqian; Menkveld, Albert; Vasios, Michalis
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Bank for International Settlements (BIS); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：Fragmenting clearing across multiple central counterparties (CCPs) is costly because global dealers cannot net positions across CCPs. They have to collateralize both the short position in one CCP and an offsetting long position in another CCP. This, coupled with a structural net order imbalance across CCPs, can cause prices to persistently differ across them (the CCP basis). Tests based on unique CCP data for interest-rate derivatives (IRDs) yield broad empirical support for this intuition and...
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作者：Narayan, Ayushi
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：I study the impact of financial stress on the incidence of harassment and discrimination using Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) charges brought forward by U.S. Postal Service workers. An analysis of more than 800,000 EEO charges filed between 2004 and 2019 demonstrates that financial stress experienced in the second week of the pay cycle increases EEO incidents by about 5% compared with the first week. Further analyses suggest that the uncovered effects are driven by changes in the number of...
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作者：de Vericourt, Francis; Gurkan, Huseyin
摘要：Artificial intelligence systems are increasingly demonstrating their capacity to make better predictions than human experts. Yet recent studies suggest that professionals sometimes doubt the quality of these systems and overrule machine-based prescriptions. This paper explores the extent to which a decision maker (DM) supervising a machine to make high-stakes decisions can properly assess whether the machine produces better recommendations. To that end, we study a setup in which a machine perf...
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作者：Fisman, Ray; Huang, Wei; Ning, Bo; Pan, Yue; Qiu, Jiaping; Wang, Yongxiang
作者单位：Boston University; University of International Business & Economics; Xiamen University; Xiamen University; McMaster University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
摘要：We show that superstitions-beliefs without scientific grounding-impact the investment and risk-taking of Chinese firms. We focus on widely held beliefs in bad luck during one's zodiac year, which occurs on a 12-year cycle around a person's birth year, to study superstitions and risk taking. We first show a direct correspondence between zodiac year and risk taking via survey data: respondents are two percentage points more likely to favor no-risk investments if queried during their zodiac year....
