Organization Science

最新文章

• How Groups Differ from Individuals in Learning from Experience: Evidence from a Contest Platform AI翻译
  作者：He, Tianyu; Minervini, Marco S.; Puranam, Phanish
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; IE University; INSEAD Business School
  摘要：We examine how groups differ from individuals in how they tackle two fundamental trade-offs in learning from experience-namely, between exploration and exploitation and between over- and undergeneralization from noisy data (which is also known as the bias-variance trade-off in the machine learning literature). Using data from an online contest platform (Kaggle) featuring groups and individuals competing on the same learning task, we found that groups, as expected, not only generate a larger ag...
• Learning from Failures: Differentiating Between Slip-ups and Knowledge Gaps AI翻译
  作者：Anand, Gopesh; Mukherjee, Ujjal Kumar
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：Our research investigates firm learning from failures by dividing them into two types, failures that occur due to slip-ups and those that occur due to knowledge gaps, and by examining whether learning occurs in the context of both types of failures. We study these phenomena in the context of product recalls in pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Based on text analysis of recall documents, recalls are divided into process related and design related to represent slip-up failures and knowledge g...
• A Resource-Based View on Individual Absorption in the Context of Multiple Team Memberships AI翻译
  作者：Backmann, Julia; Wimmer, Julia; Mortensen, Mark; Hartmann, Silja; Hoegl, Martin; Peus, Claudia
  作者单位：University of Munster; University of Munich; INSEAD Business School; Technical University of Berlin; University of Munich; Technical University of Munich
  摘要：Knowledge work-frequently characterized as nonroutine and complex-requires individuals to be deeply engrossed with or absorbed in their work. Notwithstanding, organizations tend to put knowledge workers in multiple teams, undermining their ability to achieve the level of absorption required to realize their full potential. We examine how knowledge workers who are operating in multiple team contexts navigate competing demands on their time on a daily basis. Based on conservation of resources th...
• How Entrepreneurs Achieve Purpose Beyond Profit: The Case of Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria AI翻译
  作者：Barkema, Harry G.; Bindl, Uta K.; Tanveer, Lamees
  作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; King's College London
  摘要：This paper investigates how entrepreneurs achieve a sense of purpose or, more precisely, eudaimonic well-being-the experience of a good and meaningful life. We explore this in the context of women entrepreneurs participating in a business training program in Nigeria. Specifically, we conduct mixed-methods research, starting with an inductive qualitative Study 1 of what eudaimonic well-being means for these entrepreneurs. We find that, in the context of their enterprises, eudaimonic well-being ...
• Inverted Apprenticeship: How Senior Occupational Members Develop Practical Expertise and Preserve Their Position When New Technologies Arrive AI翻译
  作者：Beane, Matthew; Anthony, Callen
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; New York University
  摘要：New technologies create a dilemma for senior members of occupations. Traditionally, practical expertise and position are considered correlates, yet when new technologies arrive, they may be knocked out of alignment. This means that senior members must develop new expertise lest their position be threatened. However, because position often signifies expertise, developing new practical expertise may be challenging. Indeed, senior members face strong pressures not to appear to nor actually devote...
• The Fundamental Recruitment Error: Candidate-Recruiter Discrepancy in Their Relative Valuation of Innate Talent vs. Hard Work AI翻译
  作者：Dai, Xianchi; Si, Kao
  作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Macau
  摘要：Innate talent and orientation toward hard work are highly important personal attributes with respect to workers' productive capabilities. In this research, we identify a discrepancy between job candidates and recruiters in their relative valuation of these two attributes. Although innate talent is valued relatively more by job candidates than recruiters, the opposite is true for orientation toward hard work. We propose that the discrepancy is rooted in a misalignment of the fundamental motivat...
• When Funders Aren't Customers: Reputation Management and Capability Underinvestment in Multiaudience Organizations AI翻译
  作者：Keith, David; Taylor, Lauren; Paine, James; Weisbach, Richard; Dowidowicz, Anthony
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University
  摘要：In contrast with for-profit companies, many multiaudience organizations, such as universities, hospitals, and nonprofits, receive revenues not just from customers but from third-party funders. This distinction is most stark in donative nonprofits that receive all of their funding from noncustomers and have long been perceived to underper-form because of persistent underinvestment in organizational capabilities. In this paper, we explore how the need to manage funder perceptions influences how ...
• Which Idea to Pursue? Gender Differences in Novelty Avoidance During Creative Idea Selection AI翻译
  作者：Jin, Mengzi; Chua, Roy
  作者单位：Peking University; Singapore Management University
  摘要：Despite women having made significant progress in the modern workforce, gender gaps are still evident in creative work. In this paper, we propose that, although women and men are equally capable of generating creative ideas, gender differences emerge during the idea-selection stage. Specifically, compared with men, women engage in higher novelty avoidance during idea selection-the degree to which one selects an idea that is less novel than the most novel idea one has generated. In two laborato...
• Finding Creativity in Predictability: Seizing Kairos in Chronos Through Temporal Work in Complex Innovation Processes AI翻译
  作者：Otto, Birke D.; Schuessler, Elke S.; Sydow, Jorg; Vogelgsang, Lukas
  作者单位：Leuphana University Luneburg; Copenhagen Business School; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Free University of Berlin; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Raumbezogene Sozialforschung (IRS)
  摘要：Managing temporal complexity is a fundamental challenge in complex innovation processes, yet the temporal work whereby actors seize opportune moments (kairos) in an environment dominated by clock-time structures (chronos) remains elusive. Temporal tensions can partly be resolved through entrainment, that is, by aligning activities with dominant temporal structures. However, although entrainment ensures the exploitation of a predefined path, it is unable to harness unexpected developments as op...
• Strategic Upward Striving Toward $100 Million Revenue: Setting Goals to Attract External Attention AI翻译
  作者：Keum, Daniel Dongil; Ryan, Stephen
  作者单位：Columbia University
  摘要：We provide evidence that in certain contexts, firms set upward-striving goals and that this upward striving yields significant performance and visibility benefits. We develop a model of variable attention in which, as firms' performance levels approach cognitively salient round numbers, managers strategically shift their focus from easier-toreach goals based on historical and social reference points to more challenging goals that provide external visibility and capital market benefits. As one ...