-
作者：Franke, George R.; Richey, R. Glenn, Jr.
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
摘要：In this paper we address the problem of questionable generalizations from comparing small numbers of countries in international business (IB) research. We illustrate the misleading results that can arise from sparse samples, whether the relationship between national-level variables is strong (economic development and corruption) or weak (population density and trust). We show that 35% of recent international comparisons in leading IB journals examined just two or three countries, and present a...
-
作者：Stephan, Ute; Uhlaner, Lorraine M.
作者单位：KU Leuven; Universite Catholique de Lille; EDHEC Business School
摘要：This paper is a cross-national study testing a framework relating cultural descriptive norms to entrepreneurship in a sample of 40 nations. Based on data from the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness project, we identify two higher-order dimensions of culture - socially supportive culture (SSC) and performance-based culture (PBC) - and relate them to entrepreneurship rates and associated supply-side and demand-side variables available from the Global Entrepreneurship Mon...
-
作者：Slangen, Arjen H. L.; Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; University of Groningen
摘要：Prior studies have shown that institutional hazards in the form of formal governance deficiencies and informal cultural distance are both negatively related to the amount of foreign multinational activity in countries. We argue that the strength of these negative relationships varies systematically with the type of foreign activity (horizontal or vertical) and the type of institutional hazard (governance or cultural). Because institutional hazards striking vertical affiliates generally also ha...
-
作者：Cantwell, John; Dunning, John H.; Lundan, Sarianna M.
作者单位：Maastricht University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Reading
摘要：This paper examines the co-evolution of MNE activities and institutions external and internal to the firm. We develop a theoretical framework for this analysis that draws on the more recent writings of Douglass North on institutions as a response to complex forms of uncertainty associated with the rise in global economic interconnectedness, and of Richard Nelson on the co-evolution of technology and institutions. We link historical changes in the character of MNE activities to changes in the i...
-
作者：Yu, Jisun; Zaheer, Srilata
作者单位：Concordia University - Canada; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：The strategic transformation of Asian firms into global players has involved the adoption and adaptation of many organizational practices developed in the West. We build a process model of adaptation by observing how an organizational practice is adapted to a local setting different from its locus of origin, through inductive methods and case studies of Six Sigma implementation in Korean and US firms. Based on these cases, we propose a cascading, sequential pattern to the local adaptation of t...
-
作者：Li, Jing; Li, Yong
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
摘要：We investigate the following important questions in international business How do multinational enterprises (MNEs) choose ownership strategies when facing strong uncertainty in foreign market entries? How are the choices affected by industry contingencies? Following the key tenets of real options theory, we propose that, under a high level of market uncertainty, MNEs choose more flexible (rather than more committed) ownership strategies that allow adjustment of investment decisions in future W...
-
作者：Aulakh, Preet S.; Jiang, Marshall S.; Pan, Yigang
作者单位：York University - Canada; Brock University
摘要：As firms increasingly use licensing to exploit knowledge-based assets in global technology markets, appropriate structuring of these agreements has become an important line of research inquiry. One area that has received less attention is the nature of rights granted in inter-firm licensing relationships, although it is an important clause that has implications for profit generation from licensing of proprietary assets. Conceptualizing licensing rights in terms of number of licenses granted an...
-
作者：Faccio, Mara; Lang, Larry H. P.; Young, Leslie
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Among firms listed in Western Europe and East Asia, when creditor protection is strong, the controlling shareholder trades off retaining control in bad states through pyramiding against retaining the upside in good states via leverage. This result might arise because the controlling shareholder uses both leverage and pyramiding to expand control of resources, but in different circumstances since they have different outcomes under downside shocks. When creditor protection is weak, the controlli...
-
作者：Ke, Dongmin; Ng, Lilian; Wang, Qinghai
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Milwaukee; Kean University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：We analyze the US equity holdings of more than 3000 non-US-based mutual funds from 22 countries and find robust evidence that fund managers strongly prefer to invest in stocks of US firms that have presence in their home country. This home bias is independent of the degree of global involvement and visibility of these US firms. While these firms have significantly greater exposure to local equity markets, their local presence offers little information advantage to local fund managers. Our find...
-
作者：Branzei, Oana; Abdelnour, Samer
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital
摘要：This study extends the literature on entrepreneurship in developing countries by offering a two-stage explanation for the paradoxical observation that enterprise activities often flourish under extreme adversity. Our findings complement the base-of-pyramid and peace-through-commerce attention to the growing role of business in international development by fleshing out the functions of enterprise resilience under terrorism. We first explain how terrorism conditions (outbreak, escalation, and re...
