-
作者：Gan, Li; Hernandez, Manuel A.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Agglomeration is a location pattern frequently observed in service industries such as hotels. This paper empirically examines whether agglomeration facilitates tacit collusion in the lodging industry using a quarterly data set of hotels in Texas. We jointly model a price and occupancy rate equation under a switching regression model to identify a collusive and noncollusive regime. The estimation results indicate that clustered hotels have a higher probability of being in the potential collusiv...
-
作者：Behrens, Kristian; Corcos, Gregory; Mion, Giordano
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We investigate the 2008-2009 trade collapse using microdata from a small open economy, Belgium. Belgian exports and imports mostly fell because of smaller quantities sold and unit prices charged rather than fewer firms, trading partners, and products being involved in trade. Our difference-in-difference results point to a fall in the demand for tradables as the main driver of the collapse. Finance and involvement in global value chains played a minor role. Firm-level exports-to-turnover and im...
-
作者：Cohen, Alma; Dehejia, Rajeev; Romanov, Dmitri
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Using panel data on over 300,000 Israeli women from 1999 to 2005, we exploit variation in Israel's child subsidy to identify the impact of changes in the price of a marginal child on fertility. We find a positive, statistically significant, and economically meaningful price effect on overall fertility and, consistent with Becker (1960) and Becker and Tomes (1976), a small effect of income on fertility, which is negative at low and positive at high income levels. We also find a price effect on ...
-
作者：Levinsohn, James; McLaren, Zoe M.; Shisana, Olive; Zuma, Khangelani
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa
摘要：We use econometric methods based on the propensity score to estimate the causal effect of HIV status on employment outcomes in South Africa. Relying on rich data from a national survey, which included HIV testing, we control for systematic differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. We provide the first nationally representative estimates of the impact of HIV status on employment outcomes for southern Africa. Being HIV positive is associated with an increase of 6 to 7 percen...
-
作者：Petrin, Amil; Sivadasan, Jagadeesh
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We propose a new measure of allocative efficiency based on unrealized increases in aggregate productivity growth. We show that the difference in the value of the marginal product of an input and its marginal cost at any plant-the plant-input gap-is exactly equal to the change in aggregate output that would occur if that plant changed that input's use by one unit. We show how to estimate this gap using plant-level data for 1982 to 1994 from Chilean manufacturing. We find the gaps for blue- and ...
-
作者：Yoeruek, Baris K.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
摘要：The literature documents that charitable giving is responsive to tax subsidies but often ignores the spillover effects of such policies. This paper investigates the spillover effects of charitable subsidies on religious participation using individual-level panel data. The results show that religious giving and participation are complements. The implied cross-price elasticity of religious participation with respect to the after-tax price of giving is -0.27. Furthermore, a 1% increase in the amo...
-
作者：Amiti, Mary; Khandelwal, Amit K.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The production of high-quality goods is often viewed as a precondition for export success and economic development. We provide the first evidence that countries' import tariffs affect the rate at which they upgrade product quality. Our analysis uses highly disaggregated data covering exports from 56 countries across 10,000 products to the United States using a novel approach to measure quality. As predicted by distance-to-the-frontier models, we find that lower tariffs are associated with qual...
-
作者：Eberhardt, Markus; Helmers, Christian; Strauss, Hubert
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：A large body of literature estimates private returns to R&D adopting the Griliches knowledge production framework, which ignores the potential impact of spillovers on consistent estimation. Using a panel of twelve manufacturing industries across ten OECD economies, we investigate whether ignoring spillovers leads to bias in the estimated private returns to R&D. We compare results from a common factor framework, which accounts for spillovers and other unobserved shocks, to those from a standard...
-
作者：Michalski, Tomasz; Stoltz, Gilles
作者单位：Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Inria; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris
摘要：Using Benford's law, we find evidence supporting the hypothesis that countries at times misreport their economic data strategically. We group countries with similar economic conditions and find that for countries with fixed exchange rate regimes, high negative net foreign asset positions, negative current account balances, or more vulnerable to capital flow reversals, we reject the first-digit law for the balance-of-payments data. This corroborates the intuition of a simple economic model. The...
-
作者：Kelchtermans, Stijn; Veugelers, Reinhilde
作者单位：KU Leuven; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：The paper contributes to the debate on top performance in research productivity, its persistence over time, and the impact of gender. It uses a panel data set comprising the publications of all biomedical and exact scientists at the University of Leuven in the period 1992 to 2001. We find that women have a significant lower probability of reaching top performance for the first time in their career, particularly for top performance measured through citations, but there is no evidence for a gend...
