HIV STATUS AND LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Levinsohn, James; McLaren, Zoe M.; Shisana, Olive; Zuma, Khangelani
• 署名单位: Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Human Sciences Research Council-South Africa
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6535
• DOI: 10.1162/REST_a_00237
• 发表日期: 2013-03
• 页码: 98-108
• 关键词: economic-development; male circumcision; propensity-score; risk-factors; aids; IMPACT; hiv/aids; infection; PROGRAMS; GROWTH

摘要

We use econometric methods based on the propensity score to estimate the causal effect of HIV status on employment outcomes in South Africa. Relying on rich data from a national survey, which included HIV testing, we control for systematic differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. We provide the first nationally representative estimates of the impact of HIV status on employment outcomes for southern Africa. Being HIV positive is associated with an increase of 6 to 7 percentage points in the likelihood of unemployment overall and 10 to 11 percentage points for those who are less educated. This disadvantage reinforces existing inequalities in South Africa.