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作者：Mello, Steven
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：I exploit a natural experiment to estimate the causal effect of police on crime. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act increased funding for the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) hiring grant program from less than $20 million over 2005-2008 to $1 billion in 2009. Hiring grants distributed in 2009 were allocated according to an application score cutoff rule, and I leverage quasi-random variation in grant receipt by comparing the change over time in police and crimes for cities a...
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作者：Agha, Leila; Frandsen, Brigham; Rebitzer, James B.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brigham Young University; Boston University
摘要：Policies aiming to improve healthcare productivity often focus on reducing care fragmentation. Care fragmentation occurs when services are spread across many providers, potentially making coordination difficult. Using Medicare claims data, we analyze the effect of moving to a region with more fragmented care delivery. We find that 60% of regional variation in care fragmentation is independent of patients' individual demand for care and moving to a region with 1 SD higher fragmentation increase...
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作者：Kleiner, Samuel A.
摘要：Understanding the relationship between health care service provision and patient outcomes has become more important as providers are increasingly evaluated on the efficacy of their care delivery. This study examines this relationship using an approach that recognizes the role that capacity constraints at hospitals within a local area serve in patient allocation. Hourly data on hospital patient censuses over a 12-year period show that hospital assignment is influenced by supply-side, hospital-l...
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作者：Clifford, Sarah
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Using a large panel dataset on worldwide operations of multinational firms, this paper studies one of the most advocated anti-tax-avoidance measures: Controlled Foreign Corporation rules. By including income of foreign low-tax subsidiaries in the domestic tax base, these rules create incentives to move income away from low-tax environments. Exploiting variation around the tax threshold used to identify low-tax subsidiaries, we find that multinationals redirect profits into subsidiaries just ab...
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作者：Tarroux, Benoit
作者单位：Universite Lyon 2
摘要：The aim of this paper is to investigate how people value tax progressivity. More precisely, I study the potential trade-off between any improvement in the final income distribution and the progressivity of the tax schedule. To do this, I designed survey experiments in which respondents were asked to rank or to choose between different taxation-redistribution schemes with different treatments varying in terms of information availability: (1) when only information about final incomes is provided...
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作者：Andreoni, James; Kuhn, Michael A.; List, John A.; Samek, Anya; Sokal, Kevin; Sprenger, Charles
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Oregon
摘要：Time preferences have been correlated with a range of life outcomes, yet little is known about their early development. We conduct a field experiment to elicit time preferences of over 1200 children ages 3-12, who make several intertemporal decisions. To shed light on how such primitives form, we explore various channels that might affect time preferences, from background characteristics to the causal impact of an early schooling program that we developed and operated. Our results suggest that...
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作者：Arulampalam, Wiji; Devereux, Michael P.; Liberini, Federica
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Oxford; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：We use firm-level data to investigate the impact of taxes on the international location of targets in M&A, allowing for domestic acquisitions and heterogeneous responses by companies. The statutory tax rate in the target country is found to have a negative impact on the probability of an acquisition in that country. In addition, the estimated size of the effect is found to depend on whether (i) acquirer is a domestic or a multinational enterprise; (ii) the acquisition is domestic or cross-bord...
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作者：Drazen, Allan; Ozbay, Erkut Y.
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：We present experimental evidence that policies chosen by leaders depend on whether they were elected or appointed, and that this difference stems from how they are chosen per se, rather than on other explanations given in empirical studies. We find that elected leaders are significantly more likely to choose a non-selfish policy than leaders who are appointed. Elected leaders who act non-selfishly will favor the voter over the losing candidate, while appointed leaders show no tendency to favor...
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作者：Gallagher, Emily A.; Gopalan, Radhakrishnan; Grinstein-Weiss, Michal
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Washington University (WUSTL); Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - St. Louis
摘要：We use administrative tax data and survey responses to quantify the effect of subsidized health insurance on rent and mortgage delinquency. We employ a regression discontinuity (RD) design, exploiting the income threshold for receiving Marketplace subsidies in states that did not expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act. Among households targeted by the policy, eligibility for subsidies is associated with a roughly 25 % decline in the delinquency rate and reduced exposure to out-of-pocket...
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作者：Pichler, Stefan; Ziebarth, Nicolas R.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Cornell University
摘要：This paper provides an analytical framework and uses data from the U.S. and Germany to test for the existence of contagious presenteeism and negative externalities in sick leave insurance. The first part exploits high-frequency Google Flu data and the staggered implementation of U.S. sick pay mandates to show, using a reduced-form framework, that population-level influenza-like disease rates decrease after employees gain access to paid sick leave. Next, a simple theoretical framework provides ...
