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作者：Paris School of Economics
摘要：New data covering 23 countries reveal that banking crises of the Great Depression coincided with a sharp international increase in deposits at savings institutions and life insurance. Deposits fled from commercial banks to alternative forms of savings. This fueled a credit crunch since other institutions did not replace bank lending. While asset prices fell, savings held in savings institutions and life insurance companies increased as a share of GDP and in real terms. These findings provide n...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
摘要：Within the turmoil of the Norman Conquest, did religious institutions affect the economic outcomes of their land? Exploiting historical data about the changes in holdings' lordship that occurred after the Conquest, we compare the economic performance of estates controlled by different types of lords. Holdings controlled by Benedictine monasteries (vis-& agrave;-vis secular lords) experienced a better performance, although, once accounting for the unchanging upper level of the feudal structure,...
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作者：Camporesi, Alberto Tena
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作者：Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna; University of Siena
摘要：This paper examines the patterns of technology transfer from Britain to France during the early phases of industrializing using a dataset comprising all patents granted in France in the period 1791-1844. Exploiting the peculiarities of French legislation, we construct an array of patent quality indicators and investigate their determinants. We find that patents filed by British inventors or French inventors with personal connections to British inventors were of relatively higher quality. Overa...
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作者：Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS); Uppsala University; Lund University; Lund University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); University of London; University College London; University of Oxford; Stockholm University; Uppsala University; Lund University
摘要：We use historical census data to show that Sweden exhibited high levels of intergenerational occupational mobility several decades before the rise of the welfare state. Mobility rates were higher than in other nineteenth- and twentieth-century European countries, closer to those observed in the highly mobile nineteenth-century United States. We leverage mobility variation across Swedish municipalities to shed light on potential determinants: economic growth and migration are positively correla...
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作者：Grinnell College; University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：How were unskilled workers selected and hired in preindustrial labor markets? We exploit records from the rebuilding of St Paul's Cathedral, London (1672-1748), to analyze the hiring and employment histories of over 1,000 general building laborers, the benchmark category of unskilled workers in long-run wage series. Despite volatile demand, St Paul's created a stable workforce by rewarding the tenure of long-standing workers. More senior workers received more days of work each month, preferenc...
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作者：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; University of Warwick
摘要：We study the effect of railroads, the single largest public investment in colonial India, on human capital. Using district-level data on literacy and two different identification strategies, we find railroads had positive effects on literacy, in particular on male and English literacy. We show that railroads increased literacy by raising secondary and elite primary schooling, rather than vernacular primary schooling. Our mediation analysis suggests that non-agricultural income, urbanization, a...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：University of Geneva
