作者：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
作者：Northwestern University
作者：Wellesley College; Northwestern University
作者：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore
作者：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; University of Warwick
作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper exploits the history of Reconstruction after the American Civil War to estimate the effect of politician race on public finance. While the effect of black politicians is positive and significant, black officials may be endogenous to electoral preferences for redistribution. I therefore use the number of free blacks in the antebellum era (1860) as an instrument for black political leaders during Reconstruction. Instrumental variables (IV) estimates show that an additional black offic...
作者：Chulalongkorn University
摘要：We assess the impact of access to Bangkok's nineteenth-century canal network on orchard productivity using a new dataset constructed from 1880s orchard land deeds. We find that properties located adjacent to canals, which were built for purposes exogenous to orchard production, had significantly higher labor productivity than those located inland. Gaining direct access to canals led to productivity improvements through better access to markets, which in turn enhanced cultivators' welfare. We c...
作者：Colorado College; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
